Guillaume Frédéric, Perrin Nicolas
Department of Zoology, 6270 University Boulevard, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Am Nat. 2009 Apr;173(4):536-41. doi: 10.1086/597218.
Abstract: Inbreeding load affects not only the average fecundity of philopatric individuals but also its variance. From bet-hedging theory, this should add further dispersal pressures to those stemming from the mere avoidance of inbreeding. Pressures on both sexes are identical under monogamy or promiscuity. Under polygyny, by contrast, the variance in reproductive output decreases with dispersal rate in females but increases in males, which should induce a female-biased dispersal. To test this prediction, we performed individual-based simulations. From our results, a female-biased dispersal indeed emerges as both polygyny and inbreeding load increase. We conclude that sex-biased dispersal may be selected for as a bet-hedging strategy.
近亲繁殖负荷不仅影响留居个体的平均繁殖力，还影响其方差。根据权衡理论，这应会给仅源于避免近亲繁殖的扩散压力增添更多压力。在一夫一妻制或滥交制下，两性面临的压力是相同的。相比之下，在一夫多妻制下，雌性生殖产出的方差随扩散率降低，而雄性生殖产出的方差则随扩散率增加，这应会导致雌性偏向的扩散。为验证这一预测，我们进行了基于个体的模拟。从我们的结果来看，随着一夫多妻制和近亲繁殖负荷的增加，确实出现了雌性偏向的扩散。我们得出结论，性别偏向的扩散可能作为一种权衡策略而被选择。
