Boucher Debora, Bennett Catherine, McFarlin Barbara, Freeze Rixa
J Midwifery Womens Health. 2009 Mar-Apr;54(2):119-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jmwh.2008.09.006.
Approximately 1% of American women give birth at home and face substantial obstacles when they make this choice. This study describes the reasons that women in the United States choose home birth. A qualitative descriptive secondary analysis was conducted in a previously collected dataset obtained via an online survey. The sample consisted of 160 women who were US residents and planned a home birth at least once. Content analysis was used to study the responses from women to one essay question: "Why did you choose home birth?" Women who participated in the study were mostly married (91%) and white (87%). The majority (62%) had a college education. Our analysis revealed 508 separate statements about why these women chose home birth. Responses were coded and categorized into 26 common themes. The most common reasons given for wanting to birth at home were: 1) safety (n = 38); 2) avoidance of unnecessary medical interventions common in hospital births (n = 38); 3) previous negative hospital experience (n = 37); 4) more control (n = 35); and 5) comfortable, familiar environment (n = 30). Another dominant theme was women's trust in the birth process (n = 25). Women equated medical intervention with reduced safety and trusted their bodies' inherent ability to give birth without interference.
约1%的美国女性选择在家分娩，而做出这一选择时她们面临诸多重大障碍。本研究描述了美国女性选择在家分娩的原因。对通过在线调查收集的先前数据集进行了定性描述性二次分析。样本包括160名美国居民女性，她们至少计划过一次在家分娩。采用内容分析法研究女性对一个短文问题的回答：“你为什么选择在家分娩？”参与研究的女性大多已婚（91%）且为白人（87%）。多数人（62%）拥有大学学历。我们的分析揭示了508条关于这些女性为何选择在家分娩的独立陈述。回答被编码并归类为26个常见主题。选择在家分娩最常见的原因是：1）安全（n = 38）；2）避免医院分娩中常见的不必要医疗干预（n = 38）；3）既往有负面的医院经历（n = 37）；4）更多掌控（n = 35）；5）舒适、熟悉的环境（n = 30）。另一个主要主题是女性对分娩过程的信任（n = 25）。女性将医疗干预等同于安全性降低，并信任自身身体在无干扰情况下分娩的固有能力。
