Kemper N, Henze C
Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany.
Vet Parasitol. 2009 May 12;161(3-4):302-6. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.01.025. Epub 2009 Feb 6.
The influence of re-wetting of pastures on the occurrence of important endoparasites in cattle was monitored over the course of three years. The study was conducted on a peninsula at the German North-Sea Coast. The cattle were stabled from November to April. During summer season, they were kept on pastures included in a nature protection program differentiating between three states of re-wetting. Faecal samples from randomly selected animals were analysed with routine diagnostic methods for the occurrence of Eimeria spp., nematode and trematode eggs and lungworm larvae. Samples were taken three times per year: before turning out, in the middle of the grazing season and at the end. After a diagnostic and plausibility check, a total of 692 samples could be used for statistical analysis. The overall prevalence was 29.5% for Eimeria spp. and 42.2% for nematodes. Eggs of the liver fluke and lungworm larvae were only detected at very low levels. Statistical analyses were performed with a generalized linear model including the fixed effects wetting status, farm, year, and if it was the first summer on pasture for the animal. Significant influences on nematodes were detected for the stage of re-wetting, while Eimeria spp. were significantly affected by the grazing period. These findings indicate that the important parasites liver fluke and lungworm have not hitherto been affected at all by re-wetting measures. Furthermore, the prevalence of nematodes and Eimeria spp. did not increase. In conclusion, no clinical signs for parasitic diseases and no significantly elevated infection levels were shown after the third year of re-wetting, but even longer observations are essential to evaluate long-term consequences.
在三年时间里，对牧场重新湿润对牛体内重要体内寄生虫发生情况的影响进行了监测。该研究在德国北海海岸的一个半岛上进行。牛在11月至4月期间圈养。在夏季，它们被放养在一个自然保护项目中的牧场上，该牧场区分了三种重新湿润状态。从随机挑选的动物身上采集粪便样本，采用常规诊断方法分析艾美耳球虫属、线虫和吸虫卵以及肺线虫幼虫的发生情况。每年采集三次样本：放牧前、放牧季节中期和末期。经过诊断和合理性检查后，共有692个样本可用于统计分析。艾美耳球虫属的总体感染率为29.5%，线虫为42.2%。肝吸虫卵和肺线虫幼虫仅在极低水平被检测到。采用广义线性模型进行统计分析，模型包括固定效应湿润状态、农场、年份以及该动物是否是第一年在牧场度过夏季。结果发现重新湿润阶段对线虫有显著影响，而放牧时期对艾美耳球虫属有显著影响。这些发现表明，重要的寄生虫肝吸虫和肺线虫迄今根本未受到重新湿润措施的影响。此外，线虫和艾美耳球虫属的感染率并未增加。总之，重新湿润三年后未出现寄生虫病的临床症状，感染水平也未显著升高，但需要更长时间的观察来评估长期后果。
