Duque-Guimarães Daniella E, de Castro Javier, Martinez-Botas Javier, Sardinha Fatima L C, Ramos M Pilar, Herrera Emilio, do Carmo Maria das Graças Tavares
Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Nutrition. 2009 Jul-Aug;25(7-8):782-9. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2008.12.004. Epub 2009 Feb 28.
Our previous study indicated that partially hydrogenated fat (PHF) diets, rich in trans-isomers, alter plasma lipids and increase the lipogenesis rate on adipose tissue in rats at a young age. In the present study we investigated the effects of dietary PHF on the expression of genes associated with glucose and lipid metabolism in rat adipose tissue.
Female Wistar rats were fed normolipidic diets containing PHF (rich in trans-fatty acids and poor in polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFAs]), soy oil (rich in omega-6 PUFAs), and fish oil (rich in omega-3 PUFAs) during gestation and lactation; young male pups were fed the same diets from weaning until 120 d of life. The mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, resistin, adiponectin, and leptin were analyzed in retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RET) using real time polymerase chain reaction.
The PHF group showed the highest triacylglycerol, glucose, and insulin levels and the lowest plasma adiponectin level. The RET of PHF incorporated trans-fatty acids, whereas fish oil and soy oil groups had increased omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs, respectively. In the RET the PHF group had the highest resistin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels and the lowest adiponectin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma gene expressions, whereas the fish oil group had the highest peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and the lowest leptin gene expression.
Prolonged intake of PHF has a negative effect on the expression of genes in RET when compared with diets with omega-6 and omega-3 PUFAs. These changes may be an effect of the smaller proportions of PUFAs in this fat, instead of being only caused by trans-fatty acids.
我们之前的研究表明，富含反式异构体的部分氢化脂肪（PHF）饮食会改变血浆脂质，并提高幼年大鼠脂肪组织的脂肪生成率。在本研究中，我们调查了饮食中PHF对大鼠脂肪组织中与葡萄糖和脂质代谢相关基因表达的影响。
雌性Wistar大鼠在妊娠和哺乳期喂食含PHF（富含反式脂肪酸且多不饱和脂肪酸[PUFA]含量低）、大豆油（富含ω-6 PUFA）和鱼油（富含ω-3 PUFA）的正常脂质饮食；幼龄雄性幼崽从断奶到120日龄喂食相同的饮食。使用实时聚合酶链反应分析腹膜后脂肪组织（RET）中过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ、肿瘤坏死因子α、抵抗素、脂联素和瘦素的mRNA表达。
PHF组显示出最高的三酰甘油、葡萄糖和胰岛素水平以及最低的血浆脂联素水平。PHF组的RET中含有反式脂肪酸，而鱼油组和大豆油组分别增加了ω-3和ω-6 PUFA。在RET中，PHF组具有最高的抵抗素和肿瘤坏死因子α水平以及最低的脂联素和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ基因表达，而鱼油组具有最高的过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ和最低的瘦素基因表达。
与含ω-6和ω-3 PUFA的饮食相比，长期摄入PHF对RET中的基因表达有负面影响。这些变化可能是这种脂肪中PUFA比例较小的结果，而不仅仅是由反式脂肪酸引起的。
