Goodyear-Smith Felicity, York Deon, Petousis-Harris Helen, Turner Nikki, Copp Jackie, Kerse Ngaire, Grant Cameron
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Fam Pract. 2009 Apr;26(2):128-36. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmp015. Epub 2009 Feb 27.
To determine factors that facilitated or hindered recruitment of general practices into a large New Zealand primary care project that aimed to determine general practice characteristics of immunization coverage.
The project had a multi-level recruitment strategy requiring recruitment of randomly selected practices before randomly selecting GPs, practice nurses and caregivers of children enrolled at those practices. Detailed quantitative and qualitative recruitment data were recorded on an access database. Post-recruitment, recruiters underwent semi-structured interviews. Analysis was mixed method, with triangulation of descriptive statistics of the number of calls and time course to recruitment and general inductive thematic analysis of qualitative data.
Identifying key decision makers and how individual practice processes work can save significant recruitment time. Factors identified as assisting practice recruitment included using a personal approach from doctor to doctor, getting buy-in from all practice staff, streamlining the research process to minimize disruption to the practice and flexibility to accommodate practices.
The task of recruiting should not be underestimated. Adequate time and resource need to be allocated from the onset. Long periods where practices have no added burdens such as audits, mass vaccination programmes or influenza season are unlikely, therefore there are always considerable challenges in recruiting practices for research. Remaining flexible to individual practice styles and influences and acknowledging the commitment of participants is important.
确定促进或阻碍新西兰一项大型初级保健项目招募全科医疗诊所的因素，该项目旨在确定免疫接种覆盖率的全科医疗诊所特征。
该项目采用多层次招募策略，要求在随机选择全科医生、执业护士以及在这些诊所登记的儿童的照顾者之前，先随机选择诊所。详细的定量和定性招募数据记录在一个访问数据库中。招募工作结束后，对招募人员进行了半结构化访谈。分析采用混合方法，对招募电话数量和时间进程的描述性统计数据进行三角测量，并对定性数据进行一般归纳主题分析。
确定关键决策者以及各个诊所的工作流程如何运作，可以节省大量的招募时间。被确定为有助于诊所招募的因素包括采用医生之间的个人沟通方式、获得所有诊所工作人员的支持、简化研究流程以尽量减少对诊所的干扰以及具有灵活性以适应诊所情况。
招募工作的任务不可低估。从一开始就需要分配足够的时间和资源。诊所长时间没有审计、大规模疫苗接种计划或流感季节等额外负担的情况不太可能出现，因此在为研究招募诊所时总是会面临相当大的挑战。对各个诊所的风格和影响保持灵活态度并认可参与者的投入很重要。
