Leibovich J, Vasconcelos J T, Galyean M L
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Box 42141, Lubbock 79409, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2009 Jun;87(6):2124-32. doi: 10.2527/jas.2008-1695. Epub 2009 Feb 27.
Two randomized complete block design experiments with a factorial arrangement of treatments were conducted to study the effects of corn processing method and inclusion of sorghum wet distillers grain plus solubles (SWDGS) in beef cattle finishing diets. In Exp. 1, 160 crossbred steers (primarily British x Continental breeding; initial BW = 397.6 +/- 29.4 kg) were fed diets based on dry-rolled (DRC) or steam-flaked corn (SFC), with or without the inclusion of 15% SWDGS (DM basis). Corn processing x SWDGS interactions were not detected (P > or = 0.20) for performance and most carcass characteristics. The G:F was less (P < 0.01) with DRC- than with SFC-based diets. Steers fed SFC-based diets had greater 12th-rib fat thickness (P = 0.03), yield grade (P = 0.02), and a smaller LM area (P = 0.08) than steers fed DRC. Inclusion of 15% SWDGS resulted in decreased G:F (P < 0.01) than for diets without SWDGS. In addition, steers fed SWDGS had decreased HCW (P = 0.01) and dressing percent (P = 0.03) than those fed no SWDGS. In Exp. 2, diet samples from Exp. 1 were used to evaluate rate of in vitro gas production, IVDMD, and H(2)S concentrations in gas. No significant corn processing x SWDGS interactions were noted for any of these measurements or for mathematically fitted gas production parameters, except for the predicted maximum value of gas production. The SFC-based diets had greater IVDMD (P = 0.01), area under the gas production curve (AUC; P = 0.02), and rate (k) of gas production (P = 0.02) than DRC-based diets. Inclusion of 15% SWDGS in the substrates decreased IVDMD (P < 0.01), AUC (P = 0.03), and rate of gas production (P = 0.04) compared with 0% SWDGS. Hydrogen sulfide concentrations in gas did not differ (P > 0.10) with corn processing method or addition of SWDGS. Overall, these data suggest that the response to 15% SWDGS in finishing diets was not affected by corn processing method, but including 15% SWDGS in finishing diets decreased G:F, IVDMD, and gas production AUC values to approximately the same extent as replacing SFC with DRC.
进行了两项采用析因处理排列的随机完全区组设计试验，以研究玉米加工方法和在肉牛育肥日粮中添加高粱湿酒糟及其可溶物（SWDGS）的影响。在试验1中，160头杂交阉牛（主要为英国牛与欧洲大陆牛杂交品种；初始体重=397.6±29.4千克）被饲喂以干碾压玉米（DRC）或蒸汽压片玉米（SFC）为基础的日粮，添加或不添加15%的SWDGS（干物质基础）。在生产性能和大多数胴体性状方面未检测到玉米加工×SWDGS的交互作用（P≥0.20）。与以SFC为基础的日粮相比，以DRC为基础的日粮的料重比更低（P<0.01）。饲喂以SFC为基础日粮的阉牛比饲喂DRC日粮的阉牛具有更厚的第12肋骨处脂肪厚度（P=0.03）、产量等级更高（P=0.02）以及更小的眼肌面积（P=0.08）。添加15%的SWDGS导致料重比低于不添加SWDGS的日粮（P<0.01）。此外，饲喂SWDGS的阉牛比未饲喂SWDGS的阉牛的热胴体重（P=0.01）和屠宰率（P=0.03）更低。在试验2中，使用试验1的日粮样本评估体外产气速率、体外干物质消化率（IVDMD）和气体中的硫化氢浓度。除了预测的最大产气量外，对于这些测量指标或数学拟合的产气参数，未观察到显著的玉米加工×SWDGS交互作用。与以DRC为基础的日粮相比，以SFC为基础的日粮具有更高的IVDMD（P=0.01）、产气曲线下面积（AUC；P=0.02）和产气速率（k）（P=0.02）。与0%SWDGS相比，在底物中添加15%的SWDGS降低了IVDMD（P<0.01）、AUC（P=0.03）和产气速率（P=0.04）。气体中的硫化氢浓度在玉米加工方法或添加SWDGS方面没有差异（P>0.10）。总体而言，这些数据表明，育肥日粮中对15%SWDGS的反应不受玉米加工方法的影响，但在育肥日粮中添加15%的SWDGS会使料重比、IVDMD和产气AUC值降低，其程度与用DRC替代SFC大致相同。
