Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-1600, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2011 Aug;89(8):2582-91. doi: 10.2527/jas.2010-3103. Epub 2011 Mar 7.
Crossbred yearling steers (n=80; 406 ± 2.7 kg of BW) were used to evaluate the effects of S concentration in dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and ruminal concentrations of CH(4) and H(2)S in finishing steers fed diets based on steam-flaked corn (SFC) or dry-rolled corn (DRC) and containing 30% DDGS (DM basis) with moderate S (0.42% S, MS) or high S (0.65% S, HS). Treatments consisted of SFC diets containing MS (SFC-MS), SFC diets containing HS (SFC-HS), DRC diets containing MS (DRC-MS), or DRC diets containing HS (DRC-HS). High S was achieved by adding H(2)SO(4) to DDGS. Ruminal gas samples were analyzed for concentrations of H(2)S and CH(4). Steers were fed once daily in quantities that resulted in traces of residual feed in the bunk the following day for 140 d. No interactions (P ≥ 0.15) between dietary S concentration and grain processing were observed with respect to growth performance or carcass characteristics. Steers fed HS diets had 8.9% less DMI (P < 0.001) and 12.9% less ADG (P=0.006) than steers fed diets with MS, but S concentration had no effect on G:F (P=0.25). Cattle fed HS yielded 4.3% lighter HCW (P = 0.006) and had 16.2% less KPH (P=0.009) than steers fed MS. Steers fed HS had decreased (P=0.04) yield grades compared with steers fed MS. No differences were observed among treatments with respect to dressing percentage, liver abscesses, 12th-rib fat thickness, LM area, or USDA quality grades (P ≥ 0.18). Steers fed SFC had less DMI (P < 0.001) than steers fed DRC. Grain processing had no effect (P > 0.05) on G:F or carcass characteristics. Cattle fed HS had greater (P < 0.001) ruminal concentrations of H(2)S than cattle fed MS. Hydrogen sulfide concentration was inversely related (P ≤ 0.01) to ADG (r=-0.58) and DMI (r=-0.67) in cattle fed SFC, and to DMI (r=-0.40) in cattle fed DRC. Feeding DDGS that are high in dietary S may decrease the DMI of beef steers and compromise the growth performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle.
杂交周岁阉牛（n=80；体重 406±2.7kg）用于评估在基于蒸汽压片玉米（SFC）或干压玉米（DRC）且含有 30%干酒糟及其可溶物（DDGS）（DM 基础）的饲粮中添加不同 S 浓度（0.42% S，中 S（MS）或 0.65% S，高 S（HS））对育肥阉牛生长性能、胴体特性和瘤胃中 CH（4）和 H（2）S 浓度的影响。处理包括含有 MS 的 SFC 饲粮（SFC-MS）、含有 HS 的 SFC 饲粮（SFC-HS）、含有 MS 的 DRC 饲粮（DRC-MS）或含有 HS 的 DRC 饲粮（DRC-HS）。通过向 DDGS 中添加 H（2）SO（4）来提高 S 浓度。分析瘤胃液样品中 H（2）S 和 CH（4）的浓度。在 140d 内，每天给牛饲喂一次，使第二天槽中残留少量饲料。生长性能或胴体特性方面，未观察到饲粮 S 浓度与谷物加工之间存在任何相互作用（P≥0.15）。与饲喂 MS 饲粮的牛相比，饲喂 HS 饲粮的牛的 DMI 减少了 8.9%（P＜0.001），ADG 减少了 12.9%（P=0.006），但 S 浓度对 G:F 没有影响（P=0.25）。饲喂 HS 的牛的 HCW 减少了 4.3%（P=0.006），KPH 减少了 16.2%（P=0.009），低于饲喂 MS 的牛。与饲喂 MS 的牛相比，饲喂 HS 的牛的产肉等级降低（P=0.04）。处理间在屠宰率、肝脓肿、第 12 肋骨脂肪厚度、LM 面积或 USDA 质量等级方面无差异（P≥0.18）。饲喂 SFC 的牛的 DMI 显著低于饲喂 DRC 的牛（P＜0.001）。谷物加工对 G:F 或胴体特性无影响（P＞0.05）。饲喂 HS 的牛的瘤胃 H（2）S 浓度显著高于饲喂 MS 的牛（P＜0.001）。H（2）S 浓度与 SFC 饲养牛的 ADG（r=-0.58）和 DMI（r=-0.67）呈负相关，与 DRC 饲养牛的 DMI（r=-0.40）呈负相关。饲喂高 S 的 DDGS 可能会降低牛肉阉牛的 DMI，并影响肥育牛的生长性能和胴体特性。
