成人注意力缺陷多动障碍的患病率及其相关因素：荟萃分析
Prevalence and correlates of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: meta-analysis.
作者信息
Simon Viktória, Czobor Pál, Bálint Sára, Mészáros Agnes, Bitter István
机构信息
Semmelweis University Budapest, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Balassa u. 6, Budapest H-1083, Hungary.
出版信息
Br J Psychiatry. 2009 Mar;194(3):204-11. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.107.048827.
BACKGROUND
In spite of the growing literature about adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), relatively little is known about the prevalence and correlates of this disorder.
AIMS
To estimate the prevalence of adult ADHD and to identify its demographic correlates using meta-regression analysis.
METHOD
We used the MEDLINE, PsycLit and EMBASE databases as well as hand-searching to find relevant publications.
RESULTS
The pooled prevalence of adult ADHD was 2.5% (95% CI 2.1-3.1). Gender and mean age, interacting with each other, were significantly related to prevalence of ADHD. Meta-regression analysis indicated that the proportion of participants with ADHD decreased with age when men and women were equally represented in the sample.
CONCLUSIONS
Prevalence of ADHD in adults declines with age in the general population. We think, however, that the unclear validity of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for this condition can lead to reduced prevalence rates by underestimation of the prevalence of adult ADHD.
背景
尽管关于成人注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的文献越来越多，但对该疾病的患病率及其相关因素了解相对较少。
目的
使用元回归分析估计成人ADHD的患病率，并确定其人口统计学相关因素。
方法
我们使用MEDLINE、PsycLit和EMBASE数据库以及手工检索来查找相关出版物。
结果
成人ADHD的合并患病率为2.5%（95%置信区间2.1 - 3.1）。性别和平均年龄相互作用，与ADHD的患病率显著相关。元回归分析表明，当样本中男性和女性比例相当时，患有ADHD的参与者比例随年龄下降。
结论
一般人群中成人ADHD的患病率随年龄下降。然而，我们认为DSM-IV对该病症的诊断标准有效性不明确，可能会因低估成人ADHD的患病率而导致患病率降低。
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