Huang Shan, Shao Min, Lu Si-hua
State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2008 Dec;29(12):3326-30.
Concentrations and characteristics of 82 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured in indoor and outdoor air in one elementary school of Beijing by method TO14/15 recommended by USEPA in 2007 summer. And the toxic VOCs for children's health were identified. The study illuminates that the concentration level of total VOCs were higher in indoor air than in outdoor air. Alkanes were most abundant VOCs species accounting for 32.8% of total measured VOCs on average. The chemical speciation of VOCs in indoor air was similar to the outdoor, and the dominant species were isopentane, benzene, toluene, propanal, propene and dichloromethane. In the indoor air, m/p-dichlorobenzene and cyclohexane likely came from indoor sources, proved by the indoor/outdoor concentration ratios of p-dichlorobenzene (65.8) and cyclohexane (10.5), and the large distance between the concentrations of m-dichlorobenzene in indoor air (2.02 x 10(-9)) and outdoor (lower than the detected limit) air. 1, 3-butadiene, chloride vinyl, benzene and chloromethane, whose average cancer risk values were 1.3 x 10(-5), 6.4 x 10(-6), 5.1 x 10(-6) and 3.3 x 10(-6) respectively, exceeded the cancer risk value 1 x 10(-6) in all samples sites. The cumulative cancer risk in indoor air, outdoor air and children house were 24-39 times bigger than 1 x 10(-6). Acrolein was the only non-carcinogenic hazardous species which exceeded its benchmark concentration by 13-72 times in all sites.
2007年夏季，采用美国环保署（USEPA）推荐的TO14/15方法，对北京某小学室内外空气中82种挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的浓度和特征进行了测量，并确定了对儿童健康有害的VOCs。研究表明，室内空气中总VOCs的浓度水平高于室外空气。烷烃是最丰富的VOCs种类，平均占所测VOCs总量的32.8%。室内空气中VOCs的化学形态与室外相似，主要种类为异戊烷、苯、甲苯、丙醛、丙烯和二氯甲烷。在室内空气中，间/对二氯苯和环己烷可能来自室内源，这由对二氯苯（65.8）和环己烷（10.5）的室内/室外浓度比以及室内空气中间二氯苯浓度（2.02×10⁻⁹）与室外（低于检测限）空气浓度之间的较大差距所证明。1,3 - 丁二烯、氯乙烯、苯和氯甲烷，其平均癌症风险值分别为1.3×10⁻⁵、6.4×10⁻⁶、5.1×10⁻⁶和3.3×10⁻⁶，在所有采样点均超过了癌症风险值1×10⁻⁶。室内空气、室外空气和儿童房间内的累积癌症风险比1×10⁻⁶大24 - 39倍。丙烯醛是唯一一种在所有采样点均超过其基准浓度13 - 72倍的非致癌有害物质。
