David P H, Bisharat L, Kawar S
Centre for Population Studies, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, England.
Soc Sci Med. 1991;33(3):309-19. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(91)90365-j.
Aid donors and recipients have begun to demand timely, population-based information for programme planning and for measuring health programme performance. Results from trials in Jordan, Syria, Djibouti and People's Democratic Republic of Yemen show that widely-used routine surveys for estimating vaccination coverage can be adapted to collect data on health indicators such as child and maternal mortality. Estimation methods must be robust and fieldwork well-supervised. Adding questions about total children ever born and surviving, the survival of the preceding birth, and the survival of sisters to such surveys, population-based estimates of the trend and recent level of childhood mortality and of the lifetime risk of maternal death can be obtained. These trials indicate that the need to monitor selected health indicators could be met through inexpensive, low-technology surveys.
援助捐助方和受援方已开始要求提供基于人群的及时信息，用于规划项目以及衡量卫生项目绩效。在约旦、叙利亚、吉布提和也门民主人民共和国进行的试验结果表明，广泛用于估计疫苗接种覆盖率的常规调查可加以调整，以收集有关儿童和孕产妇死亡率等卫生指标的数据。估计方法必须可靠，实地工作要得到良好监督。在这类调查中增加有关曾生育和存活子女总数、前一胎存活情况以及姐妹存活情况的问题，就可以得出基于人群的儿童死亡率趋势和近期水平以及孕产妇终身死亡风险的估计数。这些试验表明，通过低成本、低技术含量的调查可以满足监测选定卫生指标的需求。
