Ibrahim M M, Omar H M, Persson L A, Wall S
Department of Community Health, Medical Faculty, Somali National University, Mogadishu, Somalia.
Bull World Health Organ. 1996;74(5):547-52.
A cohort study of mortality among under-5-year-olds was carried out in two Somali villages in 1987-89, a period of economic and political collapse in the rural parts of the country. Analysed was the relative importance of the social characteristics for under-5-year-old mortality against a background of deteriorating political and economic conditions. Mortality increased among under-5-year-olds from 1987 (211 per 1000) to 1988 (323 per 1000) to 1989 (414 per 1000). The mortality risk was more pronounced for boys than girls and was more so for infants than children aged 1-4 years. The major signs prior to death were respiratory infections, diarrhoeal diseases, fever/malaria and tetanus in the neonatal period. Over the 3-year study period mortality rates for diarrhoeal diseases increased significantly, while those for respiratory infections and diseases preventable by immunization increased more slowly. The increasing trend in under-5-year-old mortality was more pronounced in instances when the mother derived her major income from sources other than farming and in larger households.
1987 - 1989年期间，该国农村地区处于经济和政治崩溃状态，在索马里的两个村庄开展了一项针对5岁以下儿童死亡率的队列研究。分析了在政治和经济状况不断恶化的背景下，社会特征对5岁以下儿童死亡率的相对重要性。5岁以下儿童的死亡率从1987年的每1000人中有211人，上升到1988年的每1000人中有323人，再到1989年的每1000人中有414人。男孩的死亡风险比女孩更为明显，婴儿的死亡风险比1 - 4岁儿童更为明显。死亡前的主要症状是呼吸道感染、腹泻疾病、发热/疟疾以及新生儿破伤风。在为期3年的研究期间，腹泻疾病的死亡率显著上升，而呼吸道感染和可通过免疫预防的疾病的死亡率上升较为缓慢。当母亲的主要收入来源不是农业且家庭规模较大时，5岁以下儿童死亡率的上升趋势更为明显。
