Schlenker Christine, Surawicz Christina M
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2009;23(1):89-99. doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2008.11.014.
Infections account for significant GI morbidity and mortality worldwide. New organisms are being identified, associated with diarrhoeal illness and some with other gastrointestinal illness as well. Among GI viruses, Sapovirus is now recognised to cause diarrhoea, especially in children. A hypervirulent strain of Clostridium difficile has caused epidemics in many countries. Newly identified bacterial species that may cause diarrhoea include Campylobacter concisus, Arcobacteria, Edwardsiella tarda, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas and Laribacter. Helicobacteria are reviewed, as well as the role of gastric acid suppression in predisposing to enteric infections.
感染在全球范围内导致了严重的胃肠道发病率和死亡率。新的病原体不断被发现，它们与腹泻病有关，有些还与其他胃肠道疾病有关。在胃肠道病毒中，札幌病毒现在被认为会导致腹泻，尤其是在儿童中。一种高毒力的艰难梭菌菌株在许多国家引发了疫情。新发现的可能导致腹泻的细菌种类包括简明弯曲菌、弓形杆菌、迟缓爱德华氏菌、气单胞菌、邻单胞菌和拉氏菌。本文对幽门螺杆菌以及胃酸抑制在易患肠道感染方面的作用进行了综述。
