Orito Yoshiko, Oku Hisato, Kubota Sumihisa, Amino Nobuyuki, Shimogaki Kayoko, Hata Mitsutaka, Manki Kazumi, Tanaka Yukiko, Sugino Shoko, Ueta Michio, Kawakita Kaori, Nunotani Takaaki, Tatsumi Nobuya, Ichihara Kiyoshi, Miyauchi Akira, Miyake Megumi
Palmore Hospital, Kobe 470, Japan.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 May;94(5):1683-8. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-2111. Epub 2009 Mar 3.
The effect of constant rich iodine intake, especially during pregnancy, has not been well understood.
The objective was to examine urinary iodine excretion and thyroid function in early pregnancy in Japanese healthy women. We also studied fetal maturation and child development in these women.
This study was an observational, prospective study conducted at a maternity hospital.
Subjects were 622 pregnant women who visited a maternity hospital consecutively in early gestation. Subjects with positive thyroid antibodies were excluded, and finally 514 subjects were examined. Offspring subjects were infants born to the maternal subjects.
Thyroid function, serum thyroperoxidase antibodies, and urinary concentrations of iodine were measured at the initial obstetrical visit. The fetal maturation scores estimated by the Dubowitz and Ballard methods in newly born infants were assessed. A child developmental test was performed using the Enjoji Scale up to 12 months of age.
The distribution of urinary iodine concentrations was large, and the average was extremely high. There were significant positive correlations between urinary iodine and serum TSH (r = 0.1326; P < 0.005). Serum TSH during early pregnancy in mothers had no relevance to parameters in neonates, scores of fetal maturation, or child developmental testing in their infants.
Iodine excess during early pregnancy seems to have no adverse effects on the fetus in healthy Japanese women. To avoid hypothyroidism, reducing excess dietary iodine intake to moderate intake may be beneficial for pregnant woman in Japan.
持续摄入高碘的影响，尤其是在孕期，尚未得到充分了解。
研究日本健康女性孕早期的尿碘排泄及甲状腺功能。我们还研究了这些女性的胎儿成熟度和儿童发育情况。
本研究是在一家妇产医院进行的观察性前瞻性研究。
研究对象为622名在孕早期连续就诊于妇产医院的孕妇。排除甲状腺抗体阳性的受试者，最终对514名受试者进行了检查。子代受试者为母亲受试者所生的婴儿。
在初次产科检查时测量甲状腺功能、血清甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体及尿碘浓度。评估新生儿采用杜波维茨法和巴拉德法估算的胎儿成熟度评分。使用江刺量表对12个月龄以内的儿童进行发育测试。
尿碘浓度分布范围广，平均值极高。尿碘与血清促甲状腺激素之间存在显著正相关（r = 0.1326；P < 0.005）。母亲孕早期的血清促甲状腺激素与新生儿参数、胎儿成熟度评分或其婴儿的儿童发育测试无关。
孕早期碘摄入过量似乎对健康的日本女性胎儿没有不良影响。为避免甲状腺功能减退，将过量的膳食碘摄入量降至适度摄入量可能对日本孕妇有益。
