Wilcock Ian M, Whatman Chris, Harris Nigel, Keogh Justin W L
Faculty of Health and Environmental Science, Institute of Sport and Recreation Research New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Strength Cond Res. 2009 Mar;23(2):593-603. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318196b81f.
The aim of this literature review was to determine whether vibration training could produce chronic improvements in the physical performance of trained athletes. Although the main objective was to analyze any performance benefits, a brief review of possible mechanisms linked to performance enhancement is also included. Vibration causes an increase in the g-forces acting on the muscles, increasing the loading parameters of any exercise. Increased loading should aid muscle hypertrophy, and some authors have suggested that vibration may enhance neuromuscular potentiation. Considering the 6 studies on trained athletes, there does seem to be some evidence to suggest that vibration may provide a small benefit to maximal strength (1-repetition maximum) and power (countermovement jumps) of trained athletes. Speed does not seem to be enhanced by vibration training. There is a lack of evidence to support the theory that long-term vibration training increases neuromuscular potentiation in trained athletes. What mechanism(s) could be responsible for possible strength and power enhancement is unclear. Because whole-body vibration does not seem to be detrimental to performance when used in a controlled manner, it could provide an additional training stimulus for athletes. However, further research is required to determine optimum vibration training protocols and to clarify whether vibration training produces performance benefits greater than those of traditional training methods.
这篇文献综述的目的是确定振动训练是否能使训练有素的运动员的身体表现得到长期改善。虽然主要目的是分析任何对表现有益的方面，但也包括了对与表现提升相关的可能机制的简要综述。振动会导致作用于肌肉的重力增加，从而增加任何运动的负荷参数。负荷增加应有助于肌肉肥大，一些作者认为振动可能会增强神经肌肉的兴奋性。考虑到针对训练有素的运动员的6项研究，似乎有一些证据表明振动可能会给训练有素的运动员的最大力量（1次重复最大值）和功率（反向运动跳跃）带来些许益处。振动训练似乎不会提高速度。缺乏证据支持长期振动训练会增加训练有素的运动员神经肌肉兴奋性这一理论。尚不清楚可能导致力量和功率增强的是何种机制。由于全身振动在以可控方式使用时似乎不会对表现产生不利影响，它可为运动员提供额外的训练刺激。然而，需要进一步研究来确定最佳的振动训练方案，并阐明振动训练是否能产生比传统训练方法更大的表现益处。
