Barchiesi B J, Eckel R H, Ellis P P
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver.
Surv Ophthalmol. 1991 Jul-Aug;36(1):1-22. doi: 10.1016/0039-6257(91)90205-t.
Disorders of lipid metabolism, either hyperlipidemia or hypolipidemia, are associated with the formation of corneal opacities. Corneal arcus, the most commonly encountered peripheral corneal opacity, is frequently associated with abnormal serum lipid levels, but may occur without any predisposing factors. Reports also have linked corneal arcus with alcoholism, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic heart disease. Unilateral arcus is a rare entity that is associated with carotid artery disease or ocular hypotony. Diffuse corneal opacities associated with hypolipidemic disorders such as LCAT deficiency, fish eye disease and Tangier disease, may be the initial manifestation of these disorders and puts the ophthalmologist in a position to make an early diagnosis. Corneal arcus, along with a central corneal opacity, is seen in Schnyder's crystalline stromal distrophy. The association of the disorder with a dyslipidemia remains controversial. A review of lipid metabolism, corneal arcus and several disorders of lipid metabolism that affect the cornea are presented.
脂质代谢紊乱，无论是高脂血症还是低脂血症，都与角膜混浊的形成有关。角膜弓，最常见的周边角膜混浊，常与血清脂质水平异常有关，但也可能在没有任何诱发因素的情况下出现。报告还将角膜弓与酗酒、糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化性心脏病联系起来。单侧角膜弓是一种罕见的情况，与颈动脉疾病或低眼压有关。与低脂血症相关的弥漫性角膜混浊，如卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶（LCAT）缺乏症、鱼眼病和丹吉尔病，可能是这些疾病的初始表现，使眼科医生能够做出早期诊断。角膜弓以及中央角膜混浊见于施奈德结晶性角膜基质营养不良。该疾病与血脂异常的关联仍存在争议。本文对脂质代谢、角膜弓以及几种影响角膜的脂质代谢紊乱进行了综述。
