Riga E, Lacey L A, Guerra N, Headrick H L
Washington State University, IAREC, 24106 N. Bunn Rd., Prosser, WA 99350 Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd., Wapato, WA 98951.
J Nematol. 2006 Mar;38(1):168-71.
The oriental fruit moth (OFM), Grapholita molesta (Busck), which is among the most important insect pests of peaches and nectarines, has developed resistance to a wide range of insecticides. We investigated the ability of the entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser), S. feltiae (Filipjev), S. riobrave (Cabanillas et al.), and Heterorhabditis marelatus (Liu and Berry) to control OFM under laboratory and fruit bin conditions. At a dosage of 10 infective juveniles (IJ)/cm(2) in the laboratory, S. carpocapsae caused 63%, S. feltiae 87.8%, S. riobrave 75.6%, and H. marelatus 67.1% OFM mortality. All four nematode species caused significant OFM larval mortality in comparison to the nontreated controls. Steinernema feltiae was used for the bin assays due to the higher OFM mortality it caused than the other tested EPN species and to its ability to find OFM under cryptic environments. Diapausing cocooned OFM larvae in miniature fruit bins were susceptible to IJ of S. feltiae in infested corner supports and cardboard strips. Treatment of bins with suspensions of 10 or 25 S. feltiae IJ/ml water with wetting agent (Silwet L77) resulted in 33.3 to 59% and 77.7 to 81.6% OFM mortality in corner supports and cardboard strips, respectively. This paper presents new information on the use of EPN, specifically S. feltiae, as nonchemical means of OFM control.
桃小食心虫（Grapholita molesta (Busck)）是桃和油桃最重要的害虫之一，已对多种杀虫剂产生抗性。我们研究了昆虫病原线虫斯氏线虫（Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser)）、斯氏线虫（S. feltiae (Filipjev)）、里奥布雷斯氏线虫（S. riobrave (Cabanillas et al.)）和马里兰异小杆线虫（Heterorhabditis marelatus (Liu and Berry)）在实验室和果箱条件下控制桃小食心虫的能力。在实验室中，以每平方厘米10条感染性幼虫（IJ）的剂量，斯氏线虫导致桃小食心虫死亡率为63%，斯氏线虫为87.8%，里奥布雷斯氏线虫为75.6%，马里兰异小杆线虫为67.1%。与未处理的对照相比，所有四种线虫都导致桃小食心虫幼虫显著死亡。由于斯氏线虫导致的桃小食心虫死亡率高于其他测试的昆虫病原线虫物种，且其在隐蔽环境中发现桃小食心虫的能力较强，因此被用于果箱试验。在微型果箱中滞育结茧的桃小食心虫幼虫，在受侵染的角落支撑物和纸板条中对斯氏线虫的感染性幼虫敏感。用含有湿润剂（Silwet L77）的每毫升水10条或25条斯氏线虫感染性幼虫的悬浮液处理果箱，分别导致角落支撑物和纸板条中桃小食心虫死亡率为33.3%至59%和77.7%至81.6%。本文提供了关于使用昆虫病原线虫，特别是斯氏线虫作为桃小食心虫非化学防治手段的新信息。
