Cheraghali Abdol Majid, Idries Amjad Mohammed
Department of Pharmacology, Baqiyatallah Medical Science University, 19945 Tehran, Iran.
Pharm World Sci. 2009 Apr;31(2):209-15. doi: 10.1007/s11096-009-9282-3. Epub 2009 Mar 5.
To evaluate availability, affordability and prescribing pattern of medicines in both public and private health sectors of Sudan.
Availability, affordability, and rational use of medicines were evaluated in primary health care centers in six states of Sudan.
The survey followed the WHO guidelines for monitoring and assessing the pharmaceutical situation in countries. For this survey, a total of 36 public health facilities selected from the six geographic areas were identified.
The survey confirmed the good availability and acceptable affordability of essential medicines in the public health centers and private pharmacies. Despite acceptable stocking of the medicines in these facilities, storage quality of medicines was low.
On average, 82% of the core medicines monitored were available in the centers and 85% of the medicines prescribed by the physician were dispensed to the patients. The average score for quality of storage in store room and dispensing were 56% and 65%, respectively. On average, a complete course of treatment of malaria in public centers costs 0.62 and for treatment of pneumonia in adults and children costs 3.13 and 0.57 days of the lowest government salary, respectively. The average number of medicines per prescription was 2.3. On average, the number of prescriptions containing at least one antibiotic was 66% and 27% of the prescriptions containing an injectable medicine. Adherence of prescribers to standard treatment guidelines for treating uncomplicated diarrhea and diarrhea was 45% and 64%, respectively. The acceptable medicine labeling criteria were met only in 50% of the prescriptions.
The overall availability of essential medicines in the public health centers and private pharmacies of Sudan was acceptable. Although affordability of medicines for some common diseases such as malaria and child pneumonia could be considered acceptable, it was much higher for some other conditions including adult pneumonia. Prescription of antibiotics was high and adherence to standard treatment guidelines for managing common and widely spread diseases such as diarrhea and malaria was low.
评估苏丹公共和私营卫生部门药品的可及性、可负担性及处方模式。
在苏丹六个州的初级卫生保健中心评估药品的可及性、可负担性及合理使用情况。
该调查遵循世界卫生组织关于监测和评估各国药品状况的指南。本次调查共确定了从六个地理区域选取的36个公共卫生机构。
调查证实公共卫生中心和私人药店基本药物的可及性良好且可负担性可接受。尽管这些机构的药品库存可接受，但药品储存质量较低。
平均而言，所监测核心药品的82%在各中心有供应，医生开出的药品的85%配发给了患者。库房储存和调配的质量平均得分分别为56%和65%。在公共中心，一个完整疗程的疟疾治疗平均花费相当于政府最低工资的0.62天，成人和儿童肺炎治疗分别花费3.13天和0.57天。每张处方的平均药品数量为2.3种。平均而言，至少含有一种抗生素的处方数量占比为66%，含有注射用药品的处方数量占比为27%。开具处方者对治疗非复杂性腹泻和腹泻的标准治疗指南的遵循率分别为45%和64%。只有50%的处方符合可接受的药品标签标准。
苏丹公共卫生中心和私人药店基本药物的总体可及性可接受。尽管疟疾和儿童肺炎等一些常见疾病的药品可负担性可视为可接受，但包括成人肺炎在内的其他一些病症的可负担性则高得多。抗生素的处方率较高，而对腹泻和疟疾等常见且广泛传播疾病的标准治疗指南的遵循率较低。
