Enwere O Okezie, Falade Catherine O, Salako Babatunde L
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2007 Nov;16(11):1244-9. doi: 10.1002/pds.1475.
Assessment of drug use patterns with World Health Organization (WHO) Drug Use Indicators is becoming increasingly necessary towards promoting rational drug use in the developing countries. This study aimed at assessing the drug prescription pattern at the Medical Outpatient Clinic (MOP), University College Hospital, Ibadan, using some WHO core drug use indicators.
One thousand four hundred and forty-seven patient encounters were reviewed prospectively over a 2-month period. Data were collected from patient case files immediately following consultation in each of the seven subspecialty clinics at the MOP. Prescribed medications were then reviewed for some drug use indicators including cost of medications. Cost was based on the current hospital pharmacy drug-pricing list.
One thousand three hundred and seven (90.3%) prescriptions from 1447 patient encounters were reviewed. One hundred and forty (9.7%) encounters did not have prescriptions written out. The overall average number of drugs prescribed was 3.2 +/- 1.47. Average percentage of drugs prescribed by generic names was 49.5% +/- 31.2, while average percentage of drugs prescribed from the hospital essential drug list was 96% +/- 14.0. The average cost of medications to patients/day was N = 126.0 +/- 136.0 approximately $0.9 (USD). Results varied between subspecialties.
The low percentage prescription of drugs by their generic name is responsible for the high cost of drugs to patients. Drug use studies are a necessary tool for assessing prescribing patterns in hospitals, recognizing areas for improvement and improving drug prescribing practices in these facilities.
利用世界卫生组织（WHO）的药物使用指标评估药物使用模式，对于在发展中国家促进合理用药变得越来越必要。本研究旨在使用一些WHO核心药物使用指标，评估伊巴丹大学学院医院门诊医疗诊所（MOP）的药物处方模式。
在2个月的时间内对1447例患者就诊情况进行前瞻性回顾。在MOP的七个亚专科诊所中，每次会诊后立即从患者病历中收集数据。然后对所开药物进行审查，以获取包括药物成本在内的一些药物使用指标。成本基于当前医院药房的药品定价清单。
对1447例患者就诊中的1307份（90.3%）处方进行了审查。140例（9.7%）就诊没有开出处方。所开药物的总体平均数量为3.2±1.47。用通用名开的药物的平均百分比为49.5%±31.2，而从医院基本药物清单中开的药物的平均百分比为96%±14.0。患者每天的药物平均成本为N = 126.0±136.0，约合0.9美元（美元）。各亚专科的结果有所不同。
用通用名开的药物处方比例低是患者药物成本高的原因。药物使用研究是评估医院处方模式、识别改进领域以及改善这些机构药物处方实践的必要工具。
