Valentini Luzia, Schindler Karin, Schlaffer Romana, Bucher Hubert, Mouhieddine Mohamed, Steininger Karin, Tripamer Johanna, Handschuh Marlies, Schuh Christian, Volkert Dorothee, Lochs Herbert, Sieber Cornel Christian, Hiesmayr Michael
Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Clin Nutr. 2009 Apr;28(2):109-16. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2009.01.021. Epub 2009 Mar 5.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: A modified version of the nutritionDay project was developed for nursing homes (NHs) to increase malnutrition awareness in this area. This report aims to describe the first results from the NH setting.
On February 22, 2007, 8 Austrian and 30 German NHs with a total of 79 units and 2137 residents (84+/-9 years of age, 79% female) participated in the NH-adapted pilot test. The NHs participated voluntarily using standardized questionnaires. The actual nutritional intake at lunch time was documented for each resident. Six-month follow-up data were received from 1483 residents (69%).
Overall, 9.2% and 16.7% of residents were classified as malnourished subjectively by NH staff and by BMI criteria (<20 kg/m(2)), respectively. Independent risk factors for malnutrition included age>90 years, immobility, dementia, and dysphagia (all p<0.001). In total, 89% of residents ate at least half of the lunch meal, and 46% of residents received eating assistance for an average of 15 min. Six-month mortality was higher in residents with low nutritionDay BMI (<20 kg/m(2): 22%, 20-21.9 kg/m(2): 17%) compared to residents with BMI >or= 22 kg/m(2) (10%, p<0.001). Six-month weight loss >or= 6 kg was less common in residents with nutritionDay BMI<22 kg/m(2) compared to residents with higher nutritionDay BMI (3.4% vs 12.4%, p<0.001).
The first nutritionDay in NH provided valuable data on the nutritional status of NH residents and called attention to the remarkable time investment required by NH staff to adequately provide eating assistance to residents. Participation in the nutritionDay project appears to increase malnutrition awareness as reflected in the outcome weight results.
为养老院开发了营养日项目的改良版，以提高该领域对营养不良的认识。本报告旨在描述养老院环境下的首批结果。
2007年2月22日，8家奥地利养老院和30家德国养老院，共79个单元、2137名居民（84±9岁，79%为女性）参与了适用于养老院的试点测试。这些养老院自愿使用标准化问卷。记录了每位居民午餐时的实际营养摄入量。从1483名居民（69%）处获得了6个月的随访数据。
总体而言，养老院工作人员主观判定和根据BMI标准（<20kg/m²）分别将9.2%和16.7%的居民归类为营养不良。营养不良的独立危险因素包括年龄>90岁、行动不便、痴呆和吞咽困难（均p<0.001）。总体而言，89%的居民至少吃了一半的午餐，46%的居民接受了平均15分钟的进食协助。与BMI≥22kg/m²的居民相比，营养日BMI低（<20kg/m²：22%，[20-21.9]kg/m²：17%）的居民6个月死亡率更高（10%，p<0.001）。与营养日BMI较高的居民相比，营养日BMI<22kg/m²的居民6个月体重减轻≥6kg的情况较少见（3.4%对12.4%，p<0.001）。
养老院的首个营养日提供了关于养老院居民营养状况的宝贵数据，并提醒人们注意养老院工作人员为充分向居民提供进食协助所需投入的大量时间。参与营养日项目似乎提高了对营养不良的认识，这在体重结果中得到了体现。
