Marrodán Serrano M D, Romero Collazos J F, Moreno Romero S, Mesa Santurino M S, Cabañas Armesilla M D, Pacheco Del Cerro J L, González-Montero de Espinosa M
Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España.
An Pediatr (Barc). 2009 Apr;70(4):340-8. doi: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2008.11.025. Epub 2009 Mar 5.
Handgrip strength is an important test to evaluate physical fitness and nutritional status. The main objective of this research is to prepare a reference standard applicable to the Spanish population of both sexes between 6 and 18 years old. At the same time, to extend our knowledge of normal variation of this characteristic with age, gender, size and body composition.
The sample consisted of 2125 subjects between the 6 and 18 years (1176 boys and 949 girls). The handgrip strength of both hands was taken with a digital adjustable dynamometer. Weight, height, forearm circumference and skin fold thickness were measured mass index, fat free. Body mass, percentage of fat and total, muscle and fat forearm areas were estimated. Ontogenetic and sexual variability of dynamometric force was analysed and a table was produced with the mean, standard deviation and percentile distribution, by hand, age and gender. Multiple correlation analysis was applied to establish the relationship between handgrip dynamometric force, body mass index and body composition variables.
Handgrip strength increases with age and a significant sexual dimorphism from the age of 12 years is observed. Growth charts with normal values obtained in healthy Spanish children and teenagers could be used as a reference pattern. The correlation between hand static force and fat free mass or arm muscle area is stronger than with direct size variables or body mass index.
握力是评估身体健康和营养状况的一项重要测试。本研究的主要目的是制定一个适用于6至18岁西班牙男女群体的参考标准。同时，拓展我们对该特征随年龄、性别、体型和身体成分的正常变化的认识。
样本包括2125名6至18岁的受试者（1176名男孩和949名女孩）。使用数字可调测力计测量双手的握力。测量体重、身高、前臂围度和皮肤褶皱厚度，计算无脂肪体重指数。估算身体质量、脂肪百分比以及总的、肌肉和脂肪的前臂面积。分析测力力量的个体发育和性别差异，并制作一个按手、年龄和性别列出均值、标准差和百分位数分布的表格。应用多元相关分析来确定握力测力力量、体重指数和身体成分变量之间的关系。
握力随年龄增加，并且在12岁时观察到明显的性别二态性。在健康西班牙儿童和青少年中获得的具有正常值的生长图表可作为参考模式。手部静力与无脂肪体重或手臂肌肉面积之间的相关性比与直接的体型变量或体重指数之间的相关性更强。
