Kasper Sabine, Huhulescu Steliana, Auer Bettina, Heller Ingrid, Karner Franz, Würzner Reinhard, Wagner Martin, Allerberger Franz
National Reference Center for Listeriosis, Osterreichische Agentur für Gesundheit und Ernährungssicherheit GmbH (AGES), Wien, Austria.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2009;121(3-4):113-9. doi: 10.1007/s00508-008-1130-2.
A total of 150 human cases of listeriosis (case definition based on isolation of Listeria monocytogenes from normally sterile material) were reported in Austria between 1997 and 2007. Of these, 14 cases (9.3%) were pregnancy-associated (mother/child illness considered as a single case) with a mean age of 29.3 years (median: 26.5; range 24-36). Among the non-pregnancy-associated cases (n = 136), 75 were male (55.2%) and 61 female (44.9%); patients in this group had a mean age of 64.3 years (median: 66.2; range 1-93). The average incidence of listeriosis in Austria in the period studied was 0.168 cases per 100,000 population. The majority of cases (90.7%) were caused by systemic infection, only 9.3% of cases were local infections. Among non-pregnancy-associated cases the fatality rate was 28.7% (39/136) and among the pregnancy-associated cases 35.7% (5/14: miscarriage x3, stillbirth x1, and one death in a newborn within 15 days of birth). Serotyping results for the 150 isolates revealed serovar (SV) 4b: 54%, SV 1/2a: 31.3%, SV 1/2b: 10%, SV 1/2c: 2.7%, 4d: 1.3% and SV 3a: 0.7%. Predisposing risk factors were determined for 131 of the 150 cases: age > or = 65 years (n = 73), pregnancy (n = 14) and 44 cases of carcinoma, blood malignancies, autoimmune diseases and status post solid organ transplants (7 patients had more than one underlying illness). During the period studied, the incidence of listeriosis doubled, despite a drastic reduction in the frequency of pregnancy-associated cases.
1997年至2007年期间，奥地利共报告了150例李斯特菌病病例（病例定义基于从通常无菌的材料中分离出单核细胞增生李斯特菌）。其中，14例（9.3%）与妊娠相关（母亲/儿童疾病视为单个病例），平均年龄为29.3岁（中位数：26.5岁；范围24 - 36岁）。在非妊娠相关病例（n = 136）中，75例为男性（55.2%），61例为女性（44.9%）；该组患者的平均年龄为64.3岁（中位数：66.2岁；范围1 - 93岁）。在所研究的时期内，奥地利李斯特菌病的平均发病率为每10万人口0.168例。大多数病例（90.7%）由全身感染引起，仅9.3%的病例为局部感染。在非妊娠相关病例中，病死率为28.7%（39/136），在妊娠相关病例中为35.7%（5/14：流产3例、死产1例，1例新生儿在出生后15天内死亡）。对150株分离株的血清分型结果显示：血清型（SV）4b占54%，SV 1/2a占31.3%，SV 1/2b占10%，SV 1/2c占2.7%，4d占1.3%，SV 3a占0.7%。对150例病例中的131例确定了易感危险因素：年龄≥65岁（n = 73）、妊娠（n = 14）以及44例患有癌症、血液系统恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病和实体器官移植术后患者（7例患者有不止一种基础疾病）。在所研究的时期内，但尽管妊娠相关病例的发生率大幅下降，李斯特菌病的发病率仍翻了一番。
