Vargas Angélica, Amescua-Guerra Luis M, Bernal M Araceli, Pineda Carlos
Departamento de Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, México.
Acta Ortop Mex. 2008 Nov-Dec;22(6):361-73.
Ultrasound is a simple, non invasive and accessible imaging technique that allows the evaluation of the musculoskeletal system in real time, with the advantage of examining the joints in a dynamic way and with the aid of Doppler power, local inflammatory phenomena can be evaluated, without submitting the patient to radiation. It has the disadvantage of being operator dependant, which has to have a wide knowledge of the physical principles of ultrasonography, has to be familiar with the sonographic anatomy and musculoskeletal anatomy, but even more it is important that he has the ability to recognize the sonographic phenomena that can present as decoys, nominated artifacts. This knowledge is desirable to the specialist in musculoskeletal conditions, so that ecographic studies can be interpreted and recognizing artifacts and avoiding wrong diagnosis and unnecessary procedures. In the present review, the basic principles of ecography are analyzed, the normal sonographic anatomy of the musculoskeletal system ant the more common artifacts encountered in ecography.
超声是一种简单、无创且易于使用的成像技术，可实时评估肌肉骨骼系统，其优点是能够动态检查关节，并借助多普勒能量评估局部炎症现象，且无需让患者接受辐射。其缺点是依赖操作者，操作者必须广泛了解超声检查的物理原理，熟悉超声解剖学和肌肉骨骼解剖学，但更重要的是，他必须有能力识别可能表现为干扰因素的超声现象，即所谓的伪像。对于肌肉骨骼疾病专家来说，掌握这些知识很有必要，这样才能解读超声检查结果，识别伪像，避免错误诊断和不必要的程序。在本综述中，分析了超声检查的基本原理、肌肉骨骼系统的正常超声解剖以及超声检查中更常见的伪像。
