Hert A P, Marutani M, Momol M T, Roberts P D, Olson S M, Jones J B
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 May;75(10):3323-30. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02399-08. Epub 2009 Mar 13.
A bacteriocin-producing strain of the bacterial spot of tomato plant pathogen, Xanthomonas perforans, with attenuated pathogenicity was deployed for biocontrol of a bacteriocin-sensitive strain of the genetically closely related bacterial spot of tomato plant pathogen, X. euvesicatoria. The attenuated mutant (91-118DeltaopgHDeltabcnB) of X. perforans was tested in leaf tissue and shown to significantly inhibit internal populations of the wild-type X. euvesicatoria strain although significantly less than the wild-type 91-118 strain, whereas in a phyllosphere inhibition assay, the mutant strain reduced epiphytic populations comparably to 91-118. Thus, the attenuated mutant limited the sensitive bacterium more efficiently on the leaf surface than inside the leaf. In field experiments, weekly application of 91-118DeltaopgHDeltabcnB significantly reduced X. euvesicatoria populations compared to the growers' standard control (copper hydroxide and mancozeb applied weekly and acibenzolar-S-methyl applied every 2 weeks). The biological control agent, 91-118DeltaopgHDeltabcnB, applied every 2 weeks also significantly reduced X. euvesicatoria populations in one season but was not significantly different from the growers' standard control. Potentially, attenuated pathogenic strains could be deployed as biological control agents in order to improve disease control of foliar plant pathogens.
一种致病性减弱的番茄细菌性斑点病病原菌穿孔黄单胞菌（Xanthomonas perforans）的产细菌素菌株，被用于对遗传关系密切的番茄细菌性斑点病病原菌野油菜黄单胞菌（X. euvesicatoria）的细菌素敏感菌株进行生物防治。穿孔黄单胞菌的减毒突变体（91-118DeltaopgHDeltabcnB）在叶片组织中进行了测试，结果表明它能显著抑制野生型野油菜黄单胞菌菌株的内部菌量，尽管其抑制效果明显低于野生型91-118菌株；而在叶际抑制试验中，该突变菌株对附生菌量的减少效果与91-118菌株相当。因此，减毒突变体在叶片表面比在叶片内部能更有效地限制敏感细菌。在田间试验中，与种植者的标准对照（每周施用氢氧化铜和代森锰锌，每2周施用烯丙苯噻唑）相比，每周施用91-118DeltaopgHDeltabcnB能显著减少野油菜黄单胞菌的菌量。每2周施用一次生物防治剂91-118DeltaopgHDeltabcnB在一个季节中也能显著减少野油菜黄单胞菌的菌量，但与种植者的标准对照没有显著差异。潜在地，减毒致病菌株可作为生物防治剂来改善对叶部植物病原菌的病害控制。
