Carta L K, Baldwin J G
J Nematol. 1990 Jul;22(3):362-85.
Phylogenetic characters for Heteroderinae Luc. et al., 1988 are evaluated in Meloidodera which is believed to have primarily ancestral characters. Phasmid ultrastructure is observed in second-stage juveniles (J2), third-stage juvenile males, fourth-stage juvenile males, and fifth-stage males of Meloidodera floridensis and M. charis. Phasmid secretion occurs inside the egg before the J1-J2 molt. Before J2 hatch, concentric lamellar membranes occur within the sheath and socket cells. Some membranes become lamellae of the sheath cell plasma membrane; others become multilamellar bodies. During early molting, plasma membrane lamellae disappear and a distal dendrite segment appears in a rudimentary canal. After the molt, the distal dendrite is not present within the canal. The phylogenetic utility of phasmid features is discussed. In both species the ampulla shape and size between molts are stable features in juveniles and males. The posthatch J2 sheath cell receptor cavity may vary in a species specific manner, but comparative morphology requires precise timing after hatch.
对1988年吕克等人提出的异皮线虫亚科的系统发育特征在根结线虫属中进行了评估，根结线虫属被认为主要具有祖先特征。在佛罗里达根结线虫和查里斯根结线虫的第二龄幼虫（J2）、第三龄雄幼虫、第四龄雄幼虫和第五龄雄虫中观察了尾感器的超微结构。尾感器分泌物在J1-J2蜕皮前在卵内产生。在J2孵化前，鞘和窝细胞内出现同心层状膜。一些膜成为鞘细胞质膜的薄片；其他的则成为多层小体。在早期蜕皮期间，质膜薄片消失，远端树突段出现在一个基本的管道中。蜕皮后，远端树突不在管道内。讨论了尾感器特征在系统发育中的应用。在这两个物种中，蜕皮间壶腹的形状和大小在幼虫和雄虫中是稳定的特征。孵化后的J2鞘细胞受体腔可能以物种特异性的方式变化，但比较形态学需要在孵化后精确计时。
