DKMS German Bone Marrow Donor Center, Kressbach 1, 72072 Tübingen, Germany.
Bone Marrow Transplant. 2009 Oct;44(7):405-12. doi: 10.1038/bmt.2009.55. Epub 2009 Mar 16.
Minority donor programs aim to improve access to unrelated hematopoietic SCT for specific ethnic groups through directed donor recruitment. We have developed criteria for initiation and evaluation of such programs and applied them to the situation of donors of Turkish descent in Germany, as well as a program by DKMS German Bone Marrow Center that targets this group. Criteria for program initiation include the number of accessible minority donors, potential impact on the chances of finding matching donors, and general access to unrelated transplantation for patients of the targeted group. Success criteria comprise number and availability of recruited donors, the effect of these donors on the HLA phenotype distribution of a donor file, and the number of donations resulting from the program. More than 40 000 donors of Turkish descent have been recruited within the analyzed program to date. Recruited minority donors show more favorable demographic characteristics but lower availability rates than do German donors. Although HLA haplotype distributions of Turkish and German donors differ considerably, patients with common Turkish HLA phenotypes should benefit from the German donor pool even without a specific minority program. The analysis of donations from minority donors, however, shows specific benefits for patients with rare HLA phenotypes.
少数民族供者计划旨在通过定向供者招募，为特定族裔群体改善无关造血干细胞移植的可及性。我们已经制定了启动和评估此类计划的标准，并将其应用于德国土耳其裔供者的情况，以及针对该群体的 DKMS 德国骨髓中心计划。计划启动的标准包括可获得的少数民族供者数量、对找到匹配供者机会的潜在影响，以及目标群体患者获得无关移植的一般途径。成功标准包括招募供者的数量和可用性、这些供者对供者档案 HLA 表型分布的影响，以及该计划产生的捐赠数量。迄今为止，在所分析的计划中已招募了 4 万多名土耳其裔供者。招募的少数民族供者表现出更有利的人口统计学特征，但可用性率低于德国供者。尽管土耳其和德国供者的 HLA 单倍型分布有很大差异，但即使没有特定的少数民族计划，具有常见土耳其 HLA 表型的患者也应该受益于德国供者库。然而，对少数民族供者的捐赠分析显示，对于具有罕见 HLA 表型的患者有特定的益处。
