Galesic Mirta, Garcia-Retamero Rocio, Gigerenzer Gerd
Center for Adaptive Behavior and Cognition, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
Health Psychol. 2009 Mar;28(2):210-6. doi: 10.1037/a0014474.
Icon arrays have been suggested as a potentially promising format for communicating risks to patients-especially those with low numeracy skills-but experimental studies are lacking. This study investigates whether icon arrays increase accuracy of understanding medical risks, and whether they affect perceived seriousness of risks and helpfulness of treatments.
Two experiments were conducted on samples of older adults (n = 59, 62 to 77 years of age) and university students (n = 112, 26 to 35 years of age).
Accuracy of understanding risk reduction; perceived seriousness of risks; perceived helpfulness of treatments.
Icon arrays increased accuracy of both low- and high-numeracy people, even when transparent numerical representations were used. Risks presented via icon arrays were perceived as less serious than those presented numerically. With larger icon arrays (1,000 instead of 100 icons) risks were perceived more serious, and risk reduction larger.
Icon arrays are a promising way of communicating medical risks to a wide range of patient groups, including older adults with lower numeracy skills.
图标阵列已被认为是一种向患者传达风险的潜在有效形式，尤其是对于那些算术能力较低的患者，但缺乏实验研究。本研究调查图标阵列是否能提高对医疗风险理解的准确性，以及它们是否会影响对风险严重性的认知和治疗的有效性。
对老年人（n = 59，年龄在62至77岁之间）和大学生（n = 112，年龄在26至35岁之间）的样本进行了两项实验。
降低风险理解的准确性；对风险严重性的认知；对治疗有效性的认知。
图标阵列提高了低算术能力和高算术能力人群的理解准确性，即使使用了透明的数字表示形式。通过图标阵列呈现的风险被认为比数字呈现的风险不那么严重。对于较大的图标阵列（1000个图标而不是100个图标），风险被认为更严重，且风险降低幅度更大。
图标阵列是向广泛的患者群体（包括算术能力较低的老年人）传达医疗风险的一种有前景的方式。
