Buckner John C, Mezzacappa Enrico, Beardslee William R
Department of Psychiatry, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, USA.
Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2009 Jan;79(1):19-30. doi: 10.1037/a0014796.
Most studies of self-regulation involving children have linked it to specific outcomes within a single domain of adaptive functioning. The authors examined the association of self-regulation with a range of indices of adaptive functioning among 155 youth ages 8-18 years from families with very low income. Controlling for other explanatory variables, self-regulation was strongly associated with various outcome measures in the areas of mental health, behavior, academic achievement, and social competence. The authors also contrasted youths relatively high and low in self-regulation (the top and bottom quartiles). Youths with good self-regulation had much better indices of adaptive functioning across measures of social competence, academic achievement, grades, problem behaviors, and depression and anxiety than their counterparts with more diminished self-regulatory capacities. In addition, youths with better self-regulation skills stated more adaptive responses both in terms of how they coped with past stressful live events and how they would deal with hypothetical stressors. This study indicates that self-regulation is robustly associated with a range of important indices of adaptive functioning across many domains. Findings are discussed in light of their implications for theory and intervention for children of diverse economic backgrounds.
大多数涉及儿童的自我调节研究都将其与适应性功能单一领域内的特定结果联系起来。作者考察了155名来自低收入家庭、年龄在8至18岁的青少年的自我调节与一系列适应性功能指标之间的关联。在控制了其他解释变量后，自我调节与心理健康、行为、学业成绩和社会能力等领域的各种结果指标密切相关。作者还对比了自我调节能力相对较高和较低的青少年（前四分位数和后四分位数）。自我调节能力良好的青少年在社会能力、学业成绩、成绩、问题行为以及抑郁和焦虑等指标上，比自我调节能力较弱的同龄人有更好的适应性功能指标。此外，自我调节能力较强的青少年在应对过去紧张的生活事件以及处理假设性压力源方面，都表现出更具适应性的反应。这项研究表明，自我调节与多个领域中一系列重要的适应性功能指标密切相关。研究结果将根据其对不同经济背景儿童的理论和干预的意义进行讨论。
