Salmond Robert J, Filby Andrew, Qureshi Ihjaaz, Caserta Stefano, Zamoyska Rose
Molecular Immunology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London, UK.
Immunol Rev. 2009 Mar;228(1):9-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00745.x.
T-cell development in the thymus and activation of mature T cells in secondary lymphoid organs requires the ability of cells to respond appropriately to environmental signals at multiple stages of their development. The process of thymocyte selection insures a functional T-cell repertoire, while activation of naive peripheral T cells induces proliferation, gain of effector function, and, ultimately, long-lived T-cell memory. The T-cell immune response is initiated upon engagement of the T-cell receptor (TCR) and coreceptor, CD4 or CD8, by cognate antigen/major histocompatibility complexes presented by antigen-presenting cells. TCR/coreceptor engagement induces the activation of biochemical signaling pathways that, in combination with signals from costimulator molecules and cytokine receptors, direct the outcome of the response. Activation of the src-family kinases p56(lck) (Lck) and p59(fyn) (Fyn) is central to the initiation of TCR signaling pathways. This review focuses on our current understanding of the mechanisms by which these two proteins orchestrate T-cell function.
胸腺中T细胞的发育以及二级淋巴器官中成熟T细胞的激活，要求细胞在其发育的多个阶段能够对环境信号做出适当反应。胸腺细胞选择过程确保了功能性T细胞库的形成，而初始外周T细胞的激活则诱导增殖、效应功能的获得，并最终形成长寿的T细胞记忆。当T细胞受体（TCR）和共受体CD4或CD8与抗原呈递细胞呈递的同源抗原/主要组织相容性复合体结合时，T细胞免疫反应启动。TCR/共受体的结合诱导生化信号通路的激活，这些信号通路与共刺激分子和细胞因子受体发出的信号一起，决定反应的结果。src家族激酶p56(lck)（Lck）和p59(fyn)（Fyn）的激活是TCR信号通路启动的核心。本综述聚焦于我们目前对这两种蛋白协调T细胞功能机制的理解。
