Doody Karen M, Bourdeau Annie, Tremblay Michel L
Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Immunol Rev. 2009 Mar;228(1):325-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00743.x.
The immune system requires for its proper ontogeny, differentiation, and maintenance the function of several tyrosine kinases and adapters that create and modify tyrosine phosphorylation sites. Tyrosine phosphorylation is a crucial protein modification in immune cell signaling and can be reversed by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). Much progress has been made in identifying and understanding PTP function in the immune system. In this review, we present one of these proteins, named T-cell PTPs (TC-PTP) (gene name PTPN2), a classical, non-receptor PTP that is ubiquitously expressed with particularly high expression in hematopoietic tissues. TC-PTP is remarkable not only by the fact that it appears to influence most, if not all, cells involved in the development of the immune system, from stem cells to differentiated lineages, but also recent findings have positioned it at the core of several human diseases from autoimmune disease to cancer.
免疫系统的正常个体发育、分化和维持需要多种酪氨酸激酶和衔接蛋白发挥作用，这些蛋白可产生并修饰酪氨酸磷酸化位点。酪氨酸磷酸化是免疫细胞信号传导中一种关键的蛋白质修饰，可被蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶（PTP）逆转。在识别和理解PTP在免疫系统中的功能方面已取得了很大进展。在本综述中，我们介绍其中一种名为T细胞PTP（TC-PTP）（基因名称为PTPN2）的蛋白质，它是一种经典的非受体PTP，在全身广泛表达，在造血组织中表达尤为高。TC-PTP不仅因其似乎影响参与免疫系统发育的大多数（如果不是全部）细胞（从干细胞到分化谱系）而引人注目，而且最近的研究结果已将其置于从自身免疫性疾病到癌症等多种人类疾病的核心位置。
