Hakkarainen Pekka, Metso Leena
Department of Alcohol, Drugs and Addiction, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.
Eur Addict Res. 2009;15(2):113-20. doi: 10.1159/000209244. Epub 2009 Mar 17.
To determine the relationships between the different patterns of drinking and drug use in the general population.
The data from three nationwide surveys conducted in Finland in 1998, 2002 and 2004 were pooled into one dataset (n = 7,227).
Population aged 15-69.
Use of illicit drugs was analyzed in relation to annual alcohol consumption, heavy episodic drinking, frequenting of pubs and restaurants, and the misuse of prescribed drugs. Respondents were divided into five different groups according to their involvement in drug cultures, i.e. 'no contact with drug cultures', 'some contact with drug cultures', 'drug experimenters and ex-users', 'cannabis users' and 'multidrug users'.
The prevalence of drug use increased along with the annual alcohol consumption, and polysubstance use was most prevalent among heavy drinkers. Heavy episodic drinking and frequenting of pubs and restaurants increased in parallel with involvement in drug cultures. Misuse of prescribed drugs was most prevalent among multidrug users.
Polysubstance use patterns reveal an interlacing of alcohol and drug cultures. However, standard measures employed in alcohol and drug research are insufficient to capture the phenomenon in detail, and more research and the development of new approaches are needed.
确定普通人群中不同饮酒模式与药物使用之间的关系。
将1998年、2002年和2004年在芬兰进行的三项全国性调查数据合并为一个数据集（n = 7227）。
年龄在15 - 69岁的人群。
分析非法药物使用与年度酒精消费量、大量饮酒、光顾酒吧和餐馆以及处方药滥用之间的关系。根据受访者对毒品文化的参与程度将其分为五个不同组，即“与毒品文化无接触”、“与毒品文化有一定接触”、“毒品实验者和曾经使用者”、“大麻使用者”和“多种药物使用者”。
药物使用的患病率随年度酒精消费量增加而上升，多种物质使用在重度饮酒者中最为普遍。大量饮酒以及光顾酒吧和餐馆的情况与参与毒品文化的程度同步增加。处方药滥用在多种药物使用者中最为普遍。
多种物质使用模式揭示了酒精文化和毒品文化的交织。然而，酒精和毒品研究中采用的标准测量方法不足以详细描述这一现象，需要更多的研究和新方法的开发。
