Rashid Tayyab, Ostermann Robert F
Psychological Services, Toronto District School Board, South-West, 1 Civic Centre Court, Toronto, Ontario.
J Clin Psychol. 2009 May;65(5):488-98. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20595.
Strength-based assessment can enhance clinical clarity, improve the range of information, and provide a more complete picture of clients and their circumstances. Deficit-oriented assessment has improved the assessment and treatment of a number of disorders but, at the same time, has created a negative bias, considered strengths as clinical peripheries or by-products, tended to reduce clients to diagnostic categories, and created a power differential, which could be counterproductive to clinical efficacy. Strength-based assessment explores weaknesses as well as strengths to effectively deal with problems. We present a number of strength-based strategies for use in clinical practice. These strategies, we hope, will help clinicians to operationalize how strengths and weaknesses reverberate and contribute to a client's psychological status, which is comprehensive and guards against negative bias.
基于优势的评估可以提高临床清晰度,扩大信息范围,并提供关于来访者及其情况的更完整图景。以缺陷为导向的评估改善了对多种障碍的评估和治疗,但与此同时,也产生了负面偏见,将优势视为临床边缘因素或副产品,倾向于将来访者简化为诊断类别,并造成了权力差异,这可能对临床疗效产生适得其反的效果。基于优势的评估既探索弱点也探索优势,以有效应对问题。我们提出了一些可用于临床实践的基于优势的策略。我们希望这些策略将帮助临床医生将优势和弱点如何相互影响并促成来访者心理状态的方式付诸实践,这种方式全面且能防范负面偏见。