Rodríguez de Castro Felipe, Naranjo Olga Rajas, Marco Javier Aspa, Violán Jordi Solé
Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain.
Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2009 Apr;30(2):161-71. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1202935. Epub 2009 Mar 18.
Drug options for treatment of infections are increasingly limited. The pharmaceutical industry has found it difficult to discover new antimicrobial agents, and only two novel classes of antibiotics, the oxazolidinones and the cyclic lipopeptides, have entered the market since the late 1960s. Few new agents have reached the market in the last decade with potential interest for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) treatment, including linezolid (the first oxazolidinone in clinical use), new fluoroquinolones, cefditoren, ertapenem, and telithromycin. Agents currently in clinical development include other novel quinolones and ketolides, broad-spectrum cephalosporin derivatives, faropenem, several glycopeptides, and iclaprim. Other molecules are considered to be promising candidates for the future. In addition to the foregoing agents, alternative treatment approaches have also been introduced into clinical practice, which include the administration of the appropriate antimicrobials in a timely manner and the consideration of the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic properties of the agent(s).
用于治疗感染的药物选择越来越有限。制药行业发现很难研发出新的抗菌药物，自20世纪60年代末以来，只有两类新型抗生素——恶唑烷酮类和环脂肽类进入了市场。在过去十年中，很少有对社区获得性肺炎（CAP）治疗有潜在兴趣的新药物进入市场，包括利奈唑胺（临床使用的首个恶唑烷酮类药物）、新型氟喹诺酮类、头孢妥仑、厄他培南和泰利霉素。目前正在临床开发的药物包括其他新型喹诺酮类和酮内酯类、广谱头孢菌素衍生物、法罗培南、几种糖肽类以及依拉普利姆。其他分子被认为是未来有前景的候选药物。除了上述药物外，替代治疗方法也已引入临床实践，其中包括及时给予适当的抗菌药物以及考虑药物的药代动力学-药效学特性。
