McClure Jennifer B, Divine George, Alexander Gwen, Tolsma Dennis, Rolnick Sharon J, Stopponi Melanie, Richards Julie, Johnson Christine C
Group Health Center for Health Studies, Seattle, WA, USA.
Behav Med. 2009 Spring;35(1):14-22. doi: 10.3200/BMED.35.1.14-22.
The authors examined the relation between smoking status and fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption among a population-based sample and examined differences in psychosocial factors that may influence diet and inform intervention efforts. The authors recruited adults (N = 2,540) from 5 US health plans to participate in a Web-based dietary intervention trial. At baseline, smokers ate fewer FV servings per day (p < .001) and were less likely to meet the 5 A Day goal (p < .001). Smokers reported lower self-efficacy, overall motivation, and intrinsic motivation for meeting daily FV recommendations. Fewer smokers expected that eating 5 FV servings a day would reduce their risk for diabetes (p = .02) or obesity (p = .008). Smokers are an important target group for dietary intervention. Intervention efforts should attempt to increase smokers' motivation and confidence in their abilities to change their eating patterns and educate them about the health benefits of eating FV.
作者在一个基于人群的样本中研究了吸烟状况与水果和蔬菜（FV）摄入量之间的关系，并研究了可能影响饮食并为干预措施提供信息的心理社会因素差异。作者从美国5个健康计划中招募了成年人（N = 2540）参与一项基于网络的饮食干预试验。在基线时，吸烟者每天摄入的FV份数较少（p < 0.001），并且不太可能达到“每日五份”的目标（p < 0.001）。吸烟者报告称，在达到每日FV建议量方面，他们的自我效能感、总体动机和内在动机较低。较少吸烟者认为每天吃5份FV会降低患糖尿病（p = 0.02）或肥胖症（p = 0.008）的风险。吸烟者是饮食干预的重要目标群体。干预措施应试图提高吸烟者改变饮食模式的动机和信心，并向他们宣传食用FV的健康益处。
