Marttunen M J, Aro H M, Henriksson M M, Lönnqvist J K
Unit for Mental Health Research, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991 Sep;48(9):834-9. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810330058009.
The prevalence of mental disorders (DSM-III-R Axes I and II) among adolescent suicide victims (n = 53) was investigated in a nationwide psychological autopsy study in Finland. The data were collected comprehensively through interviews of the victims' relatives and attending health care personnel and from official records. Following independent assessment by two psychiatrists, the DSM-III-R diagnoses were assigned in consensus meetings. A large majority of the victims (94%) suffered from a mental disorder. The most prevalent disorders were depressive disorders (51%) and alcohol abuse or dependence (26%). The prevalence of adjustment disorders (21%) was higher than in most studies from other countries. Personality disorder was diagnosed in 32% of the cases. Comorbidity was found in 51% of the victims. The results indicate a strong relatedness between adolescent suicide and the presence of depression, antisocial behavior, and alcohol abuse.
在芬兰一项全国性的心理解剖研究中，对53名青少年自杀受害者进行了精神障碍（《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本第一轴和第二轴）患病率的调查。通过对受害者亲属和参与救治的医护人员进行访谈，并从官方记录中全面收集数据。在两名精神科医生独立评估后，在共识会议上做出《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本的诊断。绝大多数受害者（94%）患有精神障碍。最常见的障碍是抑郁症（51%）和酒精滥用或依赖（26%）。适应障碍的患病率（21%）高于其他国家的大多数研究。32%的病例被诊断出患有精神人格障碍。51%的受害者存在共病情况。结果表明青少年自杀与抑郁症、反社会行为和酒精滥用之间存在密切关联。
