McClure Jennifer B, Ludman Evette, Grothaus Lou, Pabiniak Chester, Richards Julie, Mohelnitzky Amy
Group Health Center for Health Studies, 1730 Minor Avenue, Suite 1600, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2009 Apr;11(4):394-403. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntp004. Epub 2009 Mar 18.
Providing smokers with biologically based evidence of smoking-related disease risk or physical impairment may be an effective way to motivate cessation.
Smokers were recruited for a free health risk assessment and randomized to receive personally tailored feedback based on their lung functioning, carbon monoxide (CO) exposure, and smoking-related health conditions or generic information about the risks of smoking and personalized counseling based on their diet, body mass index, and physical activity. All (n = 536) were advised to quit smoking and offered access to a free telephone cessation program. Participants were surveyed immediately after intervention and 1 month later to assess the impact on various indices of motivation to quit.
Immediately posttreatment, experimental participants rated themselves as more likely to try to quit (p = .02) and reported a greater mean increase in their motivation to quit than controls (p = .04). At 1-month follow-up, however, we found no significant group differences on any motivational indices. In post-hoc analyses comparing smokers in the experimental group with and without lung impairment, persons with impaired lung functioning had a greater change from baseline in posttreatment motivation to quit (adjusted p = .05) and perceived risk of developing a smoking-related disease (p = .03) compared with persons with no lung impairment, but we found no significant treatment effect on any motivational indices at 1 month.
The results suggest that the intervention had a small, temporary effect, but we found no clear evidence that the intervention increased motivation to quit smoking during the first month postintervention.
向吸烟者提供与吸烟相关疾病风险或身体损害的生物学依据，可能是促进戒烟的有效方法。
招募吸烟者进行免费健康风险评估，并随机分为两组，一组根据其肺功能、一氧化碳（CO）暴露情况和与吸烟相关的健康状况接受个性化反馈，另一组接受关于吸烟风险的一般信息以及基于其饮食、体重指数和身体活动的个性化咨询。所有参与者（n = 536）均被建议戒烟，并可获得免费的电话戒烟项目。在干预后立即和1个月后对参与者进行调查，以评估对各种戒烟动机指标的影响。
治疗后立即进行评估，实验组参与者认为自己更有可能尝试戒烟（p = .02），并且报告称其戒烟动机的平均增加幅度大于对照组（p = .04）。然而，在1个月的随访中，我们发现两组在任何动机指标上均无显著差异。在事后分析中，比较实验组中有和没有肺损伤的吸烟者，与没有肺损伤的人相比，肺功能受损的人在治疗后戒烟动机的基线变化更大（校正p = .05），并且认为患吸烟相关疾病的风险更高（p = .03），但我们发现在1个月时，任何动机指标均无显著治疗效果。
结果表明该干预有微小的、暂时的效果，但我们没有发现明确证据表明该干预在干预后的第一个月增加了戒烟动机。
