Sin Nancy L, Lyubomirsky Sonja
Department of Psychology, University of California-Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
J Clin Psychol. 2009 May;65(5):467-87. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20593.
Do positive psychology interventions-that is, treatment methods or intentional activities aimed at cultivating positive feelings, positive behaviors, or positive cognitions-enhance well-being and ameliorate depressive symptoms? A meta-analysis of 51 such interventions with 4,266 individuals was conducted to address this question and to provide practical guidance to clinicians. The results revealed that positive psychology interventions do indeed significantly enhance well-being (mean r=.29) and decrease depressive symptoms (mean r=.31). In addition, several factors were found to impact the effectiveness of positive psychology interventions, including the depression status, self-selection, and age of participants, as well as the format and duration of the interventions. Accordingly, clinicians should be encouraged to incorporate positive psychology techniques into their clinical work, particularly for treating clients who are depressed, relatively older, or highly motivated to improve. Our findings also suggest that clinicians would do well to deliver positive psychology interventions as individual (versus group) therapy and for relatively longer periods of time.
积极心理学干预措施，即旨在培养积极情绪、积极行为或积极认知的治疗方法或有意活动，是否能提升幸福感并改善抑郁症状？针对这一问题，对涉及4266名个体的51项此类干预措施进行了荟萃分析，以便为临床医生提供实用指导。结果显示，积极心理学干预措施确实能显著提升幸福感（平均相关系数r = 0.29）并减轻抑郁症状（平均相关系数r = 0.31）。此外，还发现了几个影响积极心理学干预效果的因素，包括参与者的抑郁状态、自我选择、年龄，以及干预措施的形式和时长。因此，应鼓励临床医生将积极心理学技术纳入其临床工作，尤其是用于治疗抑郁、年龄相对较大或改善动机较强的患者。我们的研究结果还表明，临床医生采用个体（而非团体）治疗方式并在相对较长的时间内实施积极心理学干预措施，效果会更好。
