Gibson Mark D, Guernsey Judith R, Beauchamp Stephen, Waugh David, Heal Mathew R, Brook Jeffrey R, Maher Robert, Gagnon Graham A, McPherson Johnny P, Bryden Barbara, Gould Richard, Terashima Mikiko
Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2009 Mar;59(3):310-20. doi: 10.3155/1047-3289.59.3.310.
The spatiotemporal variability of ground-level ozone (GLO) in the rural Annapolis Valley, Nova Scotia was investigated between August 29, 2006, and September 28, 2007, using Ogawa nitrite-impregnated passive diffusion samplers (PS). A total of 353 PS measurements were made at 17 ambient and 1 indoor locations over 18 sampling periods ranging from 2 to 4 weeks. The calculated PS detection limit was 0.8 +/- 0.02 parts per billion by volume (ppbv), for a 14-day sampling period. Duplicate samplers were routinely deployed at three sites and these showed excellent agreement (R2 values of 0.88 [n = 11], 0.95 [n = 17], and 0.96 [n = 17]), giving an overall PS imprecision value of 5.4%. Comparisons between PS and automated continuous ozone analyzers at three sites also demonstrated excellent agreement with R2 values of 0.82, 0.95, and 0.95, and gradients not significantly different from unity. The minimum, maximum, and mean (+/- 1 sigma) ambient annual GLO concentrations observed were 7.7, 72.1, and 34.3 +/- 10.1 ppbv, respectively. The three highest sampling sites had significantly greater (P = 0.032) GLO concentrations than three Valley floor sites, and there was a strong correlation between concentration and elevation (R2 = 0.82). Multivariate models were used to parameterize the observed GLO concentrations in terms of prevailing meteorology at an elevated site found at Kejimkujik National Park and also at a site on the Valley floor. Validation of the multivariate models using 30 months of historical meteorological data at these sites yielded R2 values of 0.70 (elevated site) and 0.61 (Valley floor). The mean indoor ozone concentration was 5.4 +/- 3.3 ppbv and related to ambient GLO concentration by the equation: indoor = 0.34 x ambient - 5.07. This study has demonstrated the suitability of PS for long-term studies of GLO over a wide geographic area and the effect of topographical and meteorological influences on GLO in this region.
2006年8月29日至2007年9月28日期间，利用小川亚硝酸盐浸渍被动扩散采样器（PS）对新斯科舍省安纳波利斯谷农村地区的地面臭氧（GLO）时空变异性进行了调查。在18个为期2至4周的采样期内，在17个室外和1个室内地点共进行了353次PS测量。对于14天的采样期，计算得出的PS检测限为0.8±0.02体积十亿分比（ppbv）。在三个地点常规部署了重复采样器，结果显示一致性极佳（R2值分别为0.88 [n = 11]、0.95 [n = 17]和0.96 [n = 17]），PS总体不精密度值为5.4%。在三个地点对PS与自动连续臭氧分析仪进行的比较也显示出极佳的一致性，R2值分别为0.82、0.95和0.95，且梯度与1无显著差异。观测到的最低、最高和平均（±1标准差）年度室外GLO浓度分别为7.7、72.1和34.3±10.1 ppbv。三个海拔最高的采样点的GLO浓度显著高于谷底的三个采样点（P = 0.032），且浓度与海拔高度之间存在很强的相关性（R2 = 0.82）。使用多变量模型根据在凯吉姆库吉克国家公园的一个高地站点以及谷底一个站点的盛行气象条件对观测到的GLO浓度进行参数化。利用这些站点30个月的历史气象数据对多变量模型进行验证，得出的R2值分别为0.70（高地站点）和0.61（谷底站点）。室内臭氧平均浓度为5.4±3.3 ppbv，通过以下方程与室外GLO浓度相关：室内 = 0.34×室外 - 5.07。本研究证明了PS适用于在广泛地理区域内对GLO进行长期研究，以及地形和气象影响对该地区GLO的作用。
