Verhoeff Lonneke L, Horlings Corinne G C, Janssen Lindy J F, Bridenbaugh Stephanie A, Allum John H J
Department of Neuro-Otology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland.
Gait Posture. 2009 Jul;30(1):76-81. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.03.002. Epub 2009 Apr 7.
We examined the effect of biofeedback of trunk sway on balance control while walking and performing a simultaneous cognitive or motor task. Thirteen healthy elderly (mean age (+/-S.E.M.) 70.8+/-2.0 years) and 16 healthy young (mean age 21.5+/-0.7 years) subjects performed three gait tasks while wearing body-worn gyroscopes, mounted at L1-3, to measure trunk sway. The gait tasks were walking normally, walking and counting backwards in 7's, and walking while carrying a tray with cups of water. Differences in trunk sway were examined when subjects performed the gait tasks with or without a head mounted actuator system which provided subjects with vibro-tactile, auditory and visual biofeedback of trunk sway. In the young, trunk pitch (fore-aft) angles, and trunk roll (sideways) and pitch angular velocities were significantly reduced using biofeedback across all three gait tasks. In the elderly, the same angle and angular velocities were also significantly reduced while walking normally. During walking while carrying a tray, only trunk sway velocities were significantly reduced, whereas no improvements were seen for walking while counting backwards. Counting backwards ability significantly improved with feedback. Young participants were able to perform a dual task during gait and employ biofeedback to reduce trunk sway. Elderly participants were not able to reduce sway using biofeedback during the cognitive task but were able to reduce sway velocities with biofeedback during the motor task.
我们研究了躯干摆动的生物反馈对行走以及同时执行认知或运动任务时平衡控制的影响。13名健康老年人（平均年龄（±标准误）70.8±2.0岁）和16名健康年轻人（平均年龄21.5±0.7岁）在佩戴安装于L1 - 3处的体载陀螺仪以测量躯干摆动的情况下，执行了三项步态任务。步态任务分别为正常行走、倒着数7并行走，以及端着一杯杯水的托盘行走。当受试者在执行步态任务时，使用或不使用头戴式致动器系统，该系统会为受试者提供躯干摆动的振动触觉、听觉和视觉生物反馈，以此来检查躯干摆动的差异。在年轻人中，在所有三项步态任务中使用生物反馈时，躯干俯仰（前后）角度、躯干滚动（侧向）和俯仰角速度均显著降低。在老年人中，正常行走时相同的角度和角速度也显著降低。端着托盘行走时，只有躯干摆动速度显著降低，而倒着数7行走时未观察到改善。倒着数7的能力在有反馈时显著提高。年轻参与者能够在步态过程中执行双重任务，并利用生物反馈来减少躯干摆动。老年参与者在认知任务期间无法使用生物反馈来减少摆动，但在运动任务期间能够通过生物反馈减少摆动速度。
