Alderete Ethel, Kaplan Celia Patricia, Gregorich Steven E, Mejía Raúl, Pérez-Stable Eliseo J
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
Subst Use Misuse. 2009;44(5):632-46. doi: 10.1080/10826080902809717.
Latin America is the world region with the highest rates of youth tobacco use and widest socioeconomic gaps, yet no data are available on smoking among Indigenous people, the largest disadvantaged group in the region. A self-administered survey of 3,131 8th grade youth enrolled in a random sample of 27 urban and rural schools was administered in 2004 in Jujuy, Argentina. Standard questions adapted from global surveys were used. Compared with youth of European background (11.4%; 95% CI 6.7-15.1), Indigenous (23.0%; 95% CI 21.0-25.0), and Mixed ethnicity (23%; 95% CI 18.9-27.1) youth had higher prevalence of current smoking. The odds of current smoking remained significantly elevated for Indigenous (OR 1.9; 95% CI = 1.1-3.3) and Mixed youth (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.4) after controlling for confounders. Other risk factors that were associated with current smoking included: having any friends who smoke, repeating a grade in school, depressive symptoms in previous year, drinking any alcohol in the previous week and thrill seeking orientation. These results underscore the importance of social and cultural diversity aspects of the global tobacco epidemic.
拉丁美洲是世界上青少年烟草使用率最高且社会经济差距最大的地区，但关于该地区最大的弱势群体——原住民的吸烟情况却没有相关数据。2004年，在阿根廷胡胡伊省对随机抽取的27所城乡学校的3131名八年级学生进行了一项自填式调查。采用了从全球调查中改编而来的标准问题。与欧洲裔青少年（11.4%；95%置信区间6.7 - 15.1）相比，原住民青少年（23.0%；95%置信区间21.0 - 25.0）和混血青少年（23%；95%置信区间18.9 - 27.1）当前吸烟的患病率更高。在控制了混杂因素后，原住民青少年（比值比1.9；95%置信区间 = 1.1 - 3.3）和混血青少年（比值比2.0；95%置信区间1.2 - 3.4）当前吸烟的几率仍显著升高。与当前吸烟相关的其他风险因素包括：有吸烟的朋友、在学校留级、前一年有抑郁症状、前一周饮酒以及寻求刺激的倾向。这些结果凸显了全球烟草流行中社会和文化多样性因素的重要性。
