Benjet Corina, Borges Guilherme, Medina-Mora Maria Elena, Fleiz Clara, Blanco Jeronimo, Zambrano Joaquin, Rojas Estela, Ramirez Miriam
National Institute of Psychiatry Ramon de la Fuente, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Mexico.
Addiction. 2007 Aug;102(8):1261-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01888.x.
To estimate the life-time and 12-month prevalence of illicit drug use among Mexican adolescents, the age of onset of first drug use and the socio-demographic correlates.
A multi-stage probability survey of adolescents aged 12-17 years residing in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area was carried out in 2005. Adolescents were administered the computer-assisted adolescent version of the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview by trained lay interviewers in their homes. The response rate was 71% (n = 3005). Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed considering the multi-stage and weighted sample design of the survey.
Of the adolescents, 5.2% have ever tried illicit drugs, 2.9% in the last 12 months. The most frequently used drugs are marijuana, followed by tranquilizers/stimulants. The median age of first use is 14 years. Correlates of life-time drug use are older age, having dropped out of school, parental drug problems, low religiosity and low parental monitoring.
While drug use among Mexican adolescents is lower than among adolescents from other developed countries, its increasing prevalence with age and the narrowing male/female ratio calls for firm public health actions, particularly prevention strategies.
评估墨西哥青少年非法药物使用的终生患病率和12个月患病率、首次使用药物的年龄以及社会人口学相关因素。
2005年对居住在墨西哥城大都市区的12至17岁青少年进行了多阶段概率调查。由经过培训的非专业访谈员在青少年家中对其进行计算机辅助的青少年版世界心理健康综合国际诊断访谈。回应率为71%（n = 3005）。考虑到调查的多阶段和加权样本设计，进行了描述性和逻辑回归分析。
在青少年中，5.2%曾尝试过非法药物，在过去12个月中有2.9%。最常使用的药物是大麻，其次是镇静剂/兴奋剂。首次使用的中位年龄为14岁。终生药物使用相关因素包括年龄较大、辍学、父母有药物问题、宗教信仰淡薄和父母监管不足。
虽然墨西哥青少年的药物使用率低于其他发达国家的青少年，但其患病率随年龄增长以及男女比例差距缩小，这需要采取坚定的公共卫生行动，特别是预防策略。
