LPPA, UMR CNRS 7152, Collège de France, Paris, France.
Hippocampus. 2009 Dec;19(12):1199-211. doi: 10.1002/hipo.20595.
At least two main cognitive strategies can be used to solve a complex navigation task: the allocentric or map-based strategy and the sequential egocentric or route-based strategy. The sequential egocentric strategy differs from a succession of independent simple egocentric responses as it requires a sequential ordering of events, possibly sharing functional similarity with episodic memory in this regard. To question the possible simultaneous encoding of sequential egocentric and allocentric strategies, we developed a paradigm in which these two strategies are spontaneously used or imposed. Our results evidenced that sequential egocentric strategy can be spontaneously acquired at the onset of the training as well as allocentric strategy. Allocentric and sequential egocentric strategies could be used together within a trial, and bidirectional shifts (between trials) were spontaneously performed during the training period by 30% of the participants. Regardless of the strategy used spontaneously during the training, all participants could execute immediate shifts to the opposite non previously used strategy when this strategy was imposed. Altogether, our findings suggest that subjects acquire different types of spatial knowledge in parallel, namely knowledge permitting allocentric navigation as well as knowledge permitting sequential egocentric navigation.
以自我为中心或基于路线的策略和以目标为中心或基于地图的策略。顺序自我中心策略不同于一系列独立的简单自我中心反应，因为它需要对事件进行顺序排序，在这方面可能与情景记忆具有功能相似性。为了质疑顺序自我中心和以目标为中心策略的可能同时编码，我们开发了一种范式，在这种范式中，这两种策略可以自发使用或强制使用。我们的结果表明，顺序自我中心策略可以在训练开始时自发习得，也可以习得以目标为中心的策略。在一个试验中，可以同时使用以目标为中心和顺序自我中心策略，并且在训练期间，30%的参与者会自发地在试验之间进行双向转换。无论在训练期间自发使用哪种策略，当强制使用另一种非先前使用的策略时，所有参与者都可以立即转换。总之，我们的发现表明，受试者可以同时获得不同类型的空间知识，即允许以自我为中心导航的知识以及允许以目标为中心导航的知识。
