Nicholas Cory R, Chavez Shawn L, Baker Valerie L, Reijo Pera Renee A
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.
Endocr Rev. 2009 May;30(3):264-83. doi: 10.1210/er.2008-0034. Epub 2009 Apr 14.
Female reproductive potential is limited in the majority of species due to oocyte depletion. Because functional human oocytes are restricted in number and accessibility, a robust system to differentiate oocytes from stem cells would enable a thorough investigation of the genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors affecting human oocyte development. Also, the differentiation of functional oocytes from stem cells may permit the success of human somatic cell nuclear transfer for reprogramming studies and for the production of patient-specific embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Thus, ESC-derived oocytes could ultimately help to restore fertility in women. Here, we review endogenous and ESC-derived oocyte development, and we discuss the potential and challenges for differentiating functional oocytes from ESCs.
由于卵母细胞耗竭,大多数物种的雌性生殖潜能是有限的。由于功能性人类卵母细胞的数量和可及性受限,一个强大的将卵母细胞与干细胞进行区分的系统将有助于深入研究影响人类卵母细胞发育的遗传、表观遗传和环境因素。此外,从干细胞分化出功能性卵母细胞可能会使人类体细胞细胞核移植在重编程研究以及生产患者特异性胚胎干细胞(ESC)方面取得成功。因此,ESC来源的卵母细胞最终可能有助于恢复女性的生育能力。在此,我们综述内源性和ESC来源的卵母细胞发育,并讨论从ESC分化出功能性卵母细胞的潜力和挑战。