Pelegrini Andreia, Petroski Edio Luiz, Coqueiro Raildo da Silva, Gaya Adroaldo César Araujo
Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2008 Dec;58(4):343-9.
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Brazilian schoolchildren according to gender, age and geographic region. A descriptive association study was conducted on 36,976 schoolchildren (20,914 boys and 16,062 girls aged 10 to 15 years) between 2004 and 2005 using secondary data originating from a school-based cross-sectional epidemiological survey. The cut-off body mass index proposed by the International Obesity Task Force was used as diagnostic criterion for overweight and obesity. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 11.9% and 2.6%, respectively, with a higher proportion of overweight among girls and of obesity among boys. An association was observed between overweight, age and region, with the demonstration of higher odds ratios for overweight among children aged 10 to 13 years and children from the South, Center-West and Southeast regions. Obesity was significantly associated with gender, age and region, indicating higher odds ratios among boys, children aged 10 to 13 years and children from the South and Southeast regions. Although lower than that observed in most developed countries, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Brazilian schoolchildren is a matter of concern. In this respect, health policies and strategies should take into account gender and age of the individuals and geographic region of the country.
本研究的目的是根据性别、年龄和地理区域确定巴西学童中超重和肥胖的患病率。2004年至2005年期间，利用一项基于学校的横断面流行病学调查的二手数据，对36976名学童（20914名男孩和16062名10至15岁的女孩）进行了描述性关联研究。采用国际肥胖特别工作组提出的体重指数临界值作为超重和肥胖的诊断标准。超重和肥胖的患病率分别为11.9%和2.6%，女孩中超重比例较高，男孩中肥胖比例较高。观察到超重与年龄和地区之间存在关联，10至13岁的儿童以及来自南部、中西部和东南部地区的儿童超重的比值比更高。肥胖与性别、年龄和地区显著相关，表明男孩、10至13岁的儿童以及来自南部和东南部地区的儿童的比值比更高。尽管巴西学童中超重和肥胖的患病率低于大多数发达国家，但仍令人担忧。在这方面，卫生政策和战略应考虑到个人的性别和年龄以及该国的地理区域。
