Sánchez Susana, Castillo D Carlos
Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Chile.
Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2008 Dec;58(4):357-62.
The eating behavior disorders in infants (EDI) are frequently diagnosed in children; however, information about their characteristics or differences by socioeconomic level (SL) in Chile and Latin America, are missing. The objective was to characterize the urban Chilean infants with EDI, according to socioeconomic level. Sixty seven children were studied (4-24 months of age). The study group (SG) was constituted by 34 children attending clinics because of EDI: 18 belonged to low SL (LSL) and 16 to middle or high income groups (MHSL). Thirty three without EDI served as controls (CG), and were paired by age, gender and SL with SG (15 of them belonged to LSL and 18 to MHSL). A semi structured survey was applied to parents or caretakers. Children from LSL were studied at Primary Health Care Centers and those from MHSL at private clinics. The results showed: the mean weight/age z-score (W/A) was lower in the SG especially in LSL (SG: -0.9 +/- 1.0; CG: 0.5 +/- 0.9; p = 0.0001), the height/age z-score (z H/A) in SG was: -1.0 +/- 1.0 and in CG was: -0.3 +/- 0.8; p = 0.01) and the birth weight was SG = 3.1 +/- 0.5 kg; CG =3 .6 +/- 0.4 kg; (p = 0.001), were lower only for the SG of LSL. In the MHSL, exclusive breast feeding 4m was more frequent in the SG than the CG and the mothers worked more hours daily outside of their homes (7.6 +/- 4,1 vs 5.4 +/- 1.8 h/d; p = 0.007). As conclusions, the Chilean infants with eating behavior disorders had lower z WIA and lower z W/L than those with no EDI, independent of socioeconomic level. The infants of LSL with EDI also had lower z H/A and also lower birth weight than controls. In the medium-high socioeconomic level, those with eating disorders presented shorter breast feeding (< or = 4 m) and their mothers worked more hours daily outside of their homes, than those without eating disorders.
婴儿饮食行为障碍(EDI)在儿童中经常被诊断出来;然而,关于智利和拉丁美洲不同社会经济水平(SL)下其特征或差异的信息却缺失。目的是根据社会经济水平对患有EDI的智利城市婴儿进行特征描述。研究了67名儿童(4至24个月大)。研究组(SG)由34名因EDI到诊所就诊的儿童组成:18名属于低社会经济水平(LSL),16名属于中等或高收入群体(MHSL)。33名无EDI的儿童作为对照组(CG),按年龄、性别和社会经济水平与SG配对(其中15名属于LSL,18名属于MHSL)。对父母或照料者进行了半结构化调查。来自LSL的儿童在初级卫生保健中心接受研究,来自MHSL的儿童在私人诊所接受研究。结果显示:SG组的平均体重/年龄z评分(W/A)较低,尤其是LSL组(SG:-0.9±1.0;CG:0.5±0.9;p = 0.0001),SG组的身高/年龄z评分(z H/A)为:-1.0±1.0,CG组为:-0.3±0.8;p = 0.01),出生体重SG组为3.1±0.5 kg;CG组为3.6±0.4 kg;(p = 0.001),仅LSL组的SG较低。在MHSL组中,SG组4个月纯母乳喂养的情况比CG组更频繁,且母亲每天在家外工作的时间更长(7.6±4.1 vs 5.4±1.8小时/天;p = 0.007)。结论是,患有饮食行为障碍的智利婴儿的z WIA和z W/L低于无EDI的婴儿,与社会经济水平无关。患有EDI的LSL组婴儿的z H/A和出生体重也低于对照组。在中等至高社会经济水平下,患有饮食障碍的婴儿纯母乳喂养时间较短(≤4个月),且其母亲每天在家外工作的时间比无饮食障碍的婴儿更长。