Aráuz Hernández Ana Gladys, Roselló Araya Marlene, Guzmán Padilla Sonia, Padilla Vargas Gioconda
Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (INCIENSA), Costa Rica.
Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2008 Dec;58(4):392-6.
The objective of this study was to design and validate a psychometric tool to measure dietary practices related to the intake of fats and sugars in a sample of overweight and obese adults. Classical test theory was applied. The validated construct was dietary habits, and the following theoretical dimensions were utilized: exclusion, modification, substitution and replacement. These had been previously defined in similar studies conducted in other countries. The tool was validated with 139 adults, males and females, with body mass indexes equal to or higher than 25. Construct validity for each section of the tool was obtained through factor analysis. The final tool was made up of 47 items. Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient was 0.948, which indicates a highly satisfactory internal consistency. Using sediment graph data and factor analysis of the four proposed theoretical dimensions of behavior, items were fused into two dimensions with a cumulative variance of 58%. These were renamed "elimination" and "modification". Cronbach's Alphas were 0.906 and 0.873, respectively, indicating a high level of reliability for construct measurement. Results show the need to adapt foreign tools to our socio-cultural context before utilizing them in interventions intended to modify dietary patterns, since these are interrelated to other aspects of the culture itself.
本研究的目的是设计并验证一种心理测量工具，以测量超重和肥胖成年人样本中与脂肪和糖摄入相关的饮食习惯。采用了经典测试理论。验证的构念是饮食习惯，并利用了以下理论维度：排除、改良、替代和更换。这些维度先前已在其他国家进行的类似研究中定义。该工具在139名体重指数等于或高于25的成年男性和女性中进行了验证。通过因子分析获得了该工具各部分的结构效度。最终工具由47个项目组成。克朗巴哈α信度系数为0.948，表明内部一致性非常令人满意。利用沉积物图数据和对行为的四个拟议理论维度的因子分析，将项目合并为两个维度，累积方差为58%。这些维度重新命名为“消除”和“改良”。克朗巴哈α系数分别为0.906和0.873，表明构念测量具有较高的信度。结果表明，在将外国工具用于旨在改变饮食模式的干预措施之前，有必要使其适应我们的社会文化背景，因为这些饮食模式与文化本身的其他方面相互关联。
