Muñiz Fontán M, Moure González J D, Mirás Veiga A, Rodríguez Núñez A
Servicio de Cuidados Intensivos y Urgencias Pediátricas, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España.
An Pediatr (Barc). 2009 May;70(5):434-7. doi: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2008.12.005. Epub 2009 Apr 16.
Children's equestrian activities in the domestic, play activities, sports and educational areas are relatively frequent, and are not exempt from risks. Nevertheless, there is a lack of data on horse-related injuries, their circumstances and the key points for their prevention.
Retrospective and descriptive study of pediatric equestrian injuries admitted to Hospital between July 1997 and September 2008.
A total of 17 patients with ages between 4 and 17 years were analyzed. There were 14 accidental falls, 2 kicks and 1 bite, and 8 patients had lost consciousness after the accident. Only 1 patient used a protective helmet. There were 3 skull fractures, 4 intracranial haemorrhages, 1 pneumoencephalus and 2 diffuse axonal injuries. There were also 4 long bone fractures, 1 jaw fracture, 1 vertebral wedging and 1 partial ear avulsion were recorded. A total of 8 patients required intensive care, 2 underwent neurosurgery due to an intracranial haematoma and 4 surgical fracture reduction.
Horse handling by children and teenagers can be a high risk activity. In our cases brain trauma was the most common and severe injury. Due to the poor use of protection devices by our patients, we believe it is now necessary to take measures to increase safety in equestrian activities.
在国内，儿童马术活动在娱乐活动、体育和教育领域中较为常见，且无法避免风险。然而，目前缺乏关于与马相关伤害、其发生情况及预防要点的数据。
对1997年7月至2008年9月间收治于我院的儿童马术伤害进行回顾性描述性研究。
共分析了17例年龄在4至17岁之间的患者。其中有14次意外摔倒、2次被踢和1次被咬，8名患者在事故发生后失去意识。仅1名患者使用了防护头盔。有3例颅骨骨折、4例颅内出血、1例气脑和2例弥漫性轴索损伤。还记录了4例长骨骨折、1例颌骨骨折、1例椎体楔形变和1例部分耳廓撕脱。共有8名患者需要重症监护，2例因颅内血肿接受神经外科手术，4例接受手术复位骨折。
儿童和青少年接触马匹可能是一项高风险活动。在我们的病例中，脑外伤是最常见和最严重的损伤。由于我们的患者防护装置使用不足，我们认为现在有必要采取措施提高马术活动的安全性。
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