Guyton Kristina, Houchen-Wise Emily, Peck Ellen, Mayberry John
Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery L611, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.
Am Surg. 2013 Jan;79(1):76-83.
Horse-related injury can be severe and disabling. We investigated the causes, severity, and costs of equestrian injury with the goal of injury prevention. A retrospective review of horse-related injuries from 2001 to 2008 identified 231 patients with a mean age of 38 years and a mean Injury Severity Score of 11 (range, 1 to 45). Mean length of stay was 5.5 days. Fifty-nine patients (25%) required 84 surgeries. Helmet use was 20 per cent and of the 172 patients not wearing a helmet while mounted, 38 per cent received potentially preventable head injuries. There were three deaths of which two were the result of intracranial hemorrhage in riders not wearing a helmet. Mean hospital charge was $29,800 for a total of $6.9 million. Ninety-one patients completed a survey regarding causation and disability. Thirty-four per cent reported wearing a helmet at the time of injury. Forty per cent reported that poor environmental factors contributed, 30 per cent reported poor horse and rider pairing, and 9 per cent reported equipment failure. Fifty-nine per cent reported long-term disabilities. Compared with the general population, respondents had diminution in their ability to perform usual daily activities associated with physical problems, diminution in social function, and higher bodily pain. We conclude that equestrian injury is costly, disabling, and frequently preventable.
与马匹相关的损伤可能很严重且会导致残疾。我们以预防损伤为目标，对马术损伤的原因、严重程度和成本进行了调查。对2001年至2008年期间与马匹相关的损伤进行回顾性研究，确定了231名患者，平均年龄为38岁，平均损伤严重程度评分为11分（范围为1至45分）。平均住院时间为5.5天。59名患者（25%）需要进行84次手术。头盔使用率为20%，在172名骑马时未戴头盔的患者中，38%受到了可能可预防的头部损伤。有3例死亡，其中2例是未戴头盔的骑手颅内出血所致。平均住院费用为29,800美元，总计690万美元。91名患者完成了关于病因和残疾情况的调查。34%的患者报告在受伤时戴着头盔。40%的患者报告环境因素不佳是原因之一，30%的患者报告马匹与骑手搭配不当，9%的患者报告设备故障。59%的患者报告有长期残疾。与普通人群相比，受访者在进行与身体问题相关的日常活动、社交功能以及身体疼痛方面的能力有所下降。我们得出结论，马术损伤代价高昂、会导致残疾，且常常是可预防的。
