Telenti Amalio, Carrington Mary
Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2008 Jan;3(1):28-35. doi: 10.1097/COH.0b013e3282f18ac0.
The early events in human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection are increasingly recognized as critical for the overall evolution of the disease. Viral and host factors interact to establish a point of equilibrium defined by the viral set point. This review highlights new opportunities in the understanding of the genetic and genomic determinants of those early events.
The field of human immunodeficiency virus host genetics is shifting from the measure of long-term consequences of infection to the analysis of quantitative biological endpoints of viral control, with particular attention on the earliest events as study phenotypes. The field has also been enriched by a better understanding of the determinant and complex role of human leukocyte antigen and killer cell immunoglobulin-like-receptor variation, and by the completion of the first genome-wide study of determinants of human immunodeficiency virus-1 replication. The genome analysis highlights the central influence of acquired immunity in viral control, and provides an extensive catalogue of novel gene candidates.
Host genetics and genomic analyses of precise quantitative study phenotypes offer an unprecedented opportunity to dissect critical steps in human immunodeficiency virus-1 pathogenesis.
人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）感染的早期事件对于该疾病的整体发展愈发关键。病毒和宿主因素相互作用，以建立由病毒载量定义的平衡状态。本综述着重介绍了在理解这些早期事件的遗传和基因组决定因素方面的新机遇。
HIV宿主遗传学领域正从对感染长期后果的衡量转向对病毒控制的定量生物学终点的分析，尤其关注最早发生的事件作为研究表型。对人类白细胞抗原和杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体变异的决定因素及复杂作用的更深入理解，以及首次完成的HIV-1复制决定因素全基因组研究，也丰富了该领域的内容。基因组分析突出了获得性免疫在病毒控制中的核心影响，并提供了大量新的候选基因目录。
宿主遗传学和对精确量化研究表型的基因组分析为剖析HIV-1发病机制中的关键步骤提供了前所未有的机遇。
