Nguyen Thi Lien-Anh, Tumilasci Vanessa Fonseca, Singhroy Diane, Arguello Meztli, Hiscott John
Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group, Lady Davis Institute - Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T1E2.
Cell Microbiol. 2009 Jun;11(6):889-97. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2009.01317.x. Epub 2009 Apr 20.
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent an exciting new biological approach to cancer therapy. In particular, RNA viruses have emerged as potent agents for oncolytic virotherapy because of their capacity to specifically target and destroy tumour cells while sparing normal cells and tissues. Several barriers remain in the development of OV therapy, including poor penetration into the tumour mass, inefficient virus replication in primary cancers, and tumour-specific resistance to OV-mediated killing. The combination of OVs with cytotoxic agents, such as small molecule inhibitors of signalling or immunomodulators, as well as stealth delivery of therapeutic viruses have shown promise as novel experimental strategies to overcome resistance to viral oncolysis. These agents complement OV therapy by unblocking host pathways, delivering viruses with greater efficiency and/or increasing virus proliferation at the tumour site. In this review, we summarize recent development of these concepts, the potential obstacles, and future prospects for the clinical utilization of RNA OVs in cancer therapy.
溶瘤病毒（OVs）代表了一种令人兴奋的癌症治疗新生物学方法。特别是，RNA病毒已成为溶瘤病毒疗法的有效药物，因为它们能够特异性靶向并破坏肿瘤细胞，同时 sparing正常细胞和组织。溶瘤病毒疗法的发展仍存在几个障碍，包括对肿瘤块的穿透性差、在原发性癌症中病毒复制效率低下以及肿瘤对溶瘤病毒介导的杀伤的特异性抗性。溶瘤病毒与细胞毒性药物（如信号小分子抑制剂或免疫调节剂）的联合使用，以及治疗性病毒的隐形递送，已显示出作为克服对病毒溶瘤抗性的新型实验策略的前景。这些药物通过解除宿主途径的阻断、更高效地递送病毒和/或增加肿瘤部位的病毒增殖来补充溶瘤病毒疗法。在本综述中，我们总结了这些概念的最新进展、潜在障碍以及RNA溶瘤病毒在癌症治疗中临床应用的未来前景。 （注：“sparing”疑为“sparing”拼写错误，正确意思为“ sparing”，意为“使免遭；使幸免；不损害” ）
