唐氏综合征患者的角膜屈光力与散光

Corneal power and astigmatism in Down syndrome.

作者信息

Little Julie-Anne, Woodhouse J Margaret, Saunders Kathryn J

机构信息

School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland.

出版信息

Optom Vis Sci. 2009 Jun;86(6):748-54. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181a59d5d.

DOI:10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181a59d5d

PMID:19390470

Abstract

PURPOSE

Corneal and crystalline lens shape differ in Down syndrome (DS) compared with developmentally normal populations. This study specifically explored the association between corneal curvature and refractive error for the first time in DS.

METHODS

Participants were 29 children with 59 age-matched controls (33 males and 35 females; mean age 12.4 +/- 1.8 years) and DS (9 to 16 years; 19 males and 10 females; mean age 12.8 +/- 1.9 years). Corneal curvature was measured using a hand-held keratometer. Refractive error was assessed by distance static retinoscopy in the control group and Mohindra retinoscopy in the DS group.

RESULTS

The DS group demonstrated a high frequency and magnitude of refractive errors (mean DS + 2.52 +/- 3.00 D; mean controls -0.46 +/- 1.32 D). The majority of controls had little or no significant refractive error. DS cornea were significantly steeper (mean DS 45.62 +/- 2.13 D; mean controls 43.10 +/- 1.37 D). Neither DS nor control data demonstrate significant relations between corneal and total refractive power (M vector). Astigmatic errors in the DS group were more frequently oblique and demonstrated strong right-left specificity. The DS data did not demonstrate a significant association between corneal and total astigmatism along principal meridians (J0), however, a significant relation was found for the control data (linear regression, r = 0.51, p < 0.0001). No significant association between corneal and total oblique astigmatism (J45) was demonstrated by either DS or control data.

CONCLUSIONS

The study is the first to explicitly investigate the association between corneal power and refractive error in children with DS. The majority of the DS group have significant refractive errors including an increased prevalence of oblique astigmatism. Corneal curvature in DS is not related to spherical (M) or astigmatic (J0, J45) refractive error. Further research is required to better understand the association between the ocular structures of the DS eye and their impact on functional vision.

摘要

目的

与发育正常人群相比，唐氏综合征（DS）患者的角膜和晶状体形状有所不同。本研究首次专门探讨了DS患者角膜曲率与屈光不正之间的关联。

方法

研究对象为29名患有DS的儿童以及59名年龄匹配的对照者（33名男性和35名女性；平均年龄12.4±1.8岁），DS患者年龄在9至16岁之间（19名男性和10名女性；平均年龄12.8±1.9岁）。使用手持角膜曲率计测量角膜曲率。通过对照组的远距离静态检影法和DS组的莫欣德拉检影法评估屈光不正情况。

结果

DS组表现出较高频率和较大程度的屈光不正（DS组平均为+2.52±3.00 D；对照组平均为-0.46±1.32 D）。大多数对照者几乎没有或没有明显的屈光不正。DS患者的角膜明显更陡峭（DS组平均为45.62±2.13 D；对照组平均为43.10±1.37 D）。DS组和对照组的数据均未显示角膜与总屈光力（M向量）之间存在显著关系。DS组的散光性屈光不正更常为斜轴散光，且表现出强烈的左右特异性。DS组的数据未显示角膜与主要子午线方向的总散光（J0）之间存在显著关联，然而，对照组的数据显示存在显著关系（线性回归，r = 0.51，p < 0.0001）。DS组和对照组的数据均未显示角膜与总斜轴散光（J45）之间存在显著关联。